[Fis] Paradigm AI
Karl Javorszky
karl.javorszky at gmail.com
Wed Oct 18 12:59:26 CEST 2023
Dear Eric,
Your statement: „The essence of general intelligence is the ability to not
only solve an externally given problem but to be creative and find and
define problems.” is at deviance to accepted delineations of concepts in
the trade of psychology. Rohracher [1] has defined in 1969 (and to my
knowledge, no one has disputed this wording): “Intelligence is the degree
of efficiency [of the CNS] while solving new problems.”
What you refer to is subsumed variously under: creativity, alertness,
curiosity, vitality, spontaneity.
There is consensus in the epistemology of psychology that there can exist
no final, conclusive, all-encompassing theory of personality (in which
intelligence and adaptability/curiosity would or would not be separated as
concepts), because if such an ultimate, final, true theory of personality
would exist, that assumption would negate the axiomatic rule that one can
always learn something new, at least about himself. There is, by
definition, no end to introspection and philosophy. One can always come up
with a new theory of personality and one cannot rule out that a new theory
of personality would be more reasonable, truer, more conclusive than
anything that has existed before.
Psychologists see theories about mind and soul in the same way believers
see their God. It is impossible to recognize all features of God, let alone
to insist that one has a correct reading.
So, if you decide not to distinguish between efficiency of solving new
problems and ability and tendency towards finding new problems to solve,
you are free to do so. Established use of words splits the two personality
traits.
I have prepared a statement about the key word “otherwise”. The word is
needed to scale the efficiency of mental processes while solving new
problems (aka ‘intelligence’) by scaling the diversity/similarity
properties of alternatives. To be able to efficiently choose between
alternatives, one needs to have alternatives that are different among each
other. The task is to find such collections of symbols that are
alternatives to each other, not by machinations by humans, but as members
of a symbols collection. This task is not easy to solve while using the
symbols set in the traditional, Sumerian ways only. One needs to assume
that symbols have their own properties, by their nature, immanent to them.
Due to the two-messages-per-week rule, the contribution shall come next
week.
Karl
[1] Rohracher, H.: Einführung in die Psychologie, Urban & Schwarzenberg,
Wien 1951
Am Mi., 18. Okt. 2023 um 12:01 Uhr schrieb Eric Werner <eric.werner en oarf.org
>:
> Dear Yixin,
>
> Thank you for you comments!
>
> To your point (2): The essence of general intelligence is the ability to
> not only solve an externally given problem, but to be creative and find and
> define problems. For example, given a knowledge of mathematics and physics
> and data to generate new mathematics and new insights into the nature of
> the world.
>
> To your point (3): Biotechnology and AI are somewhat independent fields.
> AI can help genome research and decoding genomes. But once genomes are
> decoded that information can be used to construct more general AI models.
> When I say "architecture" I meant the architecture of the human brain
> encoded in the human genome. This architectural information can be used to
> guide the structuring of AI models be be more potent and more human like.
> And, AI may well help in the process of structuring its future version.
> That is what I meant by selfreferencing.
>
> To the more general point, formalization of social information can help
> guide the improvement of AI models to be more social and have greater
> abilities in a AI-robot social setting.
>
> All the best,
>
> Eric
> On 10/18/23 9:16 AM, 钟义信 wrote:
>
> Dear Eric,
>
> Thank you for the interesting talk on "Paradigm AI" from which I learned a
> lot.
>
> As a discussant, may I propose some of my understanding. Comments are
> welcome.
>
> (1) I appreciate your idea that saying "Physics paradigm PPD does not fit
> well with AI paradigm" and "Information paradigm PID is a better fit". This
> is the valuable common basis, between you and me, concerning the PPD, PID
> and AI.
>
> (2) How to define the concept of intelligence? This is a very difficult
> problem. To my own understanding, the following short statement may serve
> as one of the candidates: *Intelligence is the ability to solve problem
> but not the ability to find and define problem, the latter of which is one
> of the abilities for wisdom.*
>
> (3) The paradigm for AI can be used as the paradigm for bio-technology
> with certain simplification and specialization. This judgement is not based
> on their "structure/architecture", but based on their "information
> function" - which is the basic function in both AI and biotechnology, that
> is to seek opportunity for "living (or solving problem)" and to avoid the
> "danger (or failing to problem solving)".
>
> Once again, comments and criticisms are most welcome.
>
>
> Best regards,
>
>
> Prof. Yixin ZHONG
> AI School, BUPT
> Beijing 100876, China
>
>
>
>
>
>
> ------------------ Original ------------------
> *From: * "Eric Werner"<eric.werner en oarf.org> <eric.werner en oarf.org>;
> *Date: * Tue, Oct 17, 2023 02:32 AM
> *To: * "fis"<fis en listas.unizar.es> <fis en listas.unizar.es>;
> *Subject: * [Fis] Paradigm AI
>
>
> Here are some brief thoughts on Paradigms and AI by I presume was written
> by Yixin Zhong since I cannot read Chinese.
> Paradigm AI
>
> - I agree that the physics paradigm PPD doesn’t fit well with the AI
> paradigm, and that the information paradigm PID is a better fit
> - Artificial intelligence systems, don’t necessarily learn from human
> beings. In unsupervised learning they learn from data and not from humans.
> - The problem, and becomes really how to define what intelligence is:
> Which of the following is it?
> - Rational inference
> - Summarizing large amounts of text and data
> - Making new predictions based on scientific theories and available
> data
> - Developing new theories that explain the data in the more
> succinct way, and making new predictions
> - Developing new technologies independently of human input
> - Planning and executing the actions and intentions of a robot
> - Having social intelligence
> - Being cooperative with a human being in achieving a task
> - Interrelating two discipline, such as physics and mathematics, to
> make new discoveries
> - Understanding, genomes in the way that human beings cannot
> - Designing new organisms by designing their genomes
> - I agree with the language of a new paradigm, such as artificial
> intelligence will develop slowly step by step in conjunction with its use
> -both conceptually and experimentally .
> - In a new paradigm entire new language is created as a paradigm is
> developed
> - The language evolves in concert with a new ontology suggested by the
> paradigm
> - It is an ontology of objects, technologies, actions, and
> strategies
> - What will be particularly interesting, is the *linking of the
> paradigm of artificial intelligence with the paradigm of biotechnology*
> - Biotechnology and AI will truly link the human brain with the
> artificial brain
> - The genome of the natural brain will be reflected in the
> architecture of the artificial brain
> - Hence by using AI to decode the genome of the natural brain, it
> will be self-reflected in the design of the developing artificial brain
> - This will bring unprecedented social and rational functionality
> to the artificial brain
> - Note that the biotech-genome paradigm also is founded on the
> information paradigm.
>
> Thank you Yixin Zhong for your input and emphasizing the intimate
> relationship of information and AI paradigms.
>
> Best wishes,
>
> Eric
> --
>
>
>
>
>
> * Dr. Eric Werner Oxford Advanced Research Foundation https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://oarf.org__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QSHons3SepFAgrCQox79Mh7eQYGZULmt6RjTrZBkzyL_BWCXzGdmcIFv2pd-3a2rawpQPJoGz9XQrnfZA59qM_SSbt0$
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> *
>
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> --
>
>
>
>
>
> * Dr. Eric Werner Oxford Advanced Research Foundation https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://oarf.org__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QSHons3SepFAgrCQox79Mh7eQYGZULmt6RjTrZBkzyL_BWCXzGdmcIFv2pd-3a2rawpQPJoGz9XQrnfZA59qM_SSbt0$
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