[Fis] New Discussion on Complex Self-Other Interactions and Gödelization of Biology
Francesco Rizzo
13francesco.rizzo at gmail.com
Wed Nov 2 07:09:58 CET 2022
Dear Karl and dear colleagues,
I agree, as always, with Karl's reasoning (...) "Gödel numbers are
descriptions of properties of sequences sequences are observably a
fundamental property of biology (in the evolutionary, genetic,
physiological, intellectual, psychological, economic understandings, etc.)"
(…) This is an exclusive, essential, logical and economic reasoning that
underlies my quantum economics: the other economic pseudo-theories are
fallacious, useless and harmful. Thanks Karl.
Francis.
Cari Karl e cari colleghi,
condivido, come sempre il ragionamento di Karl (…) «I numeri di Gödel sono
descrizioni di proprietà delle *sequenz*e le sequenze sono osservabilmente
una proprietà fondamentale della biologia (nelle comprensioni evolutive,
genetiche, fisiologiche, intellettuali, psicologiche, economiche, ecc.)»
(…)Questo è un ragionamento esclusivo, essenziale, logico ed economico che
è alla base della mia economia quantistica: le altre pseudo-teorie
economiche sono fallaci, inutili e dannose. Grazie Karl.
Francesco.
Il giorno mar 1 nov 2022 alle ore 15:47 Karl Javorszky <
karl.javorszky en gmail.com> ha scritto:
> Dear Colleagues, dear Sheri,
>
>
>
> What a pleasure to continue this enjoyable and fruitful discussion, and
> with such high-level introduction to the present session!
>
> Sheri’s expose deals with concepts which are deeply rooted in Nature. Her
> context is that of an experimental biologist, not that of a theoretical
> biologist. The concepts she uses are observed facts which were derived from
> observations through microscopes, coming from empirical results.
>
> *1. **Let us use non-empirical concepts*
>
> Approaching the subject of autoregulation in biologic processes has two
> main ingredients: (a) that what is the collection of pixels constituting
> the picture which we see thru the microscope, (b) the mental images the
> observer creates from the factual picture.
>
> Our main hypothesis is that we have less problems using the microscope
> than we have problems using our perception and cognition. We already do see
> the facts, only we do not recognize how the facts are related among each
> other. We are in possession of the results of the experiments, what we do
> not have is a general picture /principle/ which connects the results.
>
> On this point Sheri’s opinion and mine agree.
>
> *2. **Let us put a pattern we recognize above the picture, better two
> patterns *
>
> Sheri proposes using Gödel numbers as a reference grid by means of which
> we can superimpose a pattern on the picture. This is an idea of a genius.
> Gödel numbers are descriptions of properties of *sequences, *and
> sequences are observably a fundamental property of biology (in
> evolutionary, genetic, physiologic, intellectual, psychologic, economic,
> etc. understandings). We are on the right track.
>
> On this point, one may suggest using alongside the mental tool of *sequential
> *classification the mental tool of *commutative *classification when
> regarding the picture of results which we want to make a sense of. It is
> true that our heartbeat and respiratory processes are in a *sequence, *but
> it is also true, that at any moment along the cycles of a pumping or
> breathing period, the organism is in a *commutative *state which is
> different to both its predecessor and to its successor states. During each
> of the moments, the constituents of the organism are concurrently the case,
> in a non-sequential relation among each other. The transversal
> cross-section of time is as important as is important the longitudinal
> interpretation of the same observation.
>
> *3. **Let us re-check our artefacts and biases, add a new reference
> grid*
>
> Before starting to interpret the results of an experiment, one needs to
> re-check, which results are caused by artefacts of the setup of the
> experiments and which blind spots of the observer result from his
> assumptions about the experiment.
>
> We stand before the task of interpreting a picture which is a combination
> of contemporary and of sequenced symbols. We know, how to deal with
> sequences: the Gödel numbers open the door.
>
> We have, however, an inbuilt bias in our assumptions about the
> participants of the experiment. Since the Sumerians, we are habituated to
> regarding the logical objects we deal with to be multitudes of one basic
> unit of *1 (one)*. This approach negates any inbuilt, immanent, axiomatic
> diversities among the units we think the world (Nature) is being built up
> of.
>
> We are presently not habituated to using a concept of units that are by
> their nature, in an axiomatic fashion, diverse among each other.
>
> The suggestion is to use an *etalon collection *of units that are each an
> individual to generate a pattern-grid of commutative diversities we can
> overlay the observed picture with, together with the sequence-based grid we
> are already moving to bring into place.
>
> *4. **The interactions /interferences/ when using two grids are worth
> looking deeper into*
>
> The moment we first recognize an understandable principle, order, system,
> pattern among the constituents of the picture is necessarily an
> Aha!-experience. If it is a basic principle of Nature, it will be easily
> understood. “Of course”, people will say.
>
> The proposition is to merge the ultimate variant of the Gödel numbers, the
> sequence *n! (oeis.org/A000142 <https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://oeis.org/A000142__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QukYRSwhyBsL1eHIR1jnSr1vyXUwbmpE5O_jwmVAgbPTiGTtnqOucfcSDRuLcZWnNgnLw7jahKPNnyy7QvdZbAsuNJ4x$ >) *with the
> ultimate variant of diversities in an assembly, *n?, (exp(ln(A000041)2). *The
> slight inner incongruence within the Sumerian counting system (in the order
> of magnitude of *10-94 %) *is the key to the manifold spectacles Nature
> continues to astonish us with.
>
> One can visualize the interdependencies on an *etalon collection *of
> logical symbols. The etalon collection consists of pairs *(a,b) /a,b **≤
> 16, a **≤ b/ *of natural numbers.
>
> *5. **Needs learning to understand but is worth the effort*
>
> The overlaid interpretational grid resulting from using *both sequential
> and commutative symbols together *is by its nature a mother of all
> hybrids between sudokus and Rubik’s cube. One absolutely needs computers to
> handle the translation tables among *certainty *and *place, amount, time,
> how different to, how similar to, what contemporaneous with, how
> predictable, how many, etc. *What is worse, one must unfortunately learn
> something new. One needs to self-educate about *matter in transit*. Like
> it is necessary to solve an example sudoku and do the twists with the cube
> for understanding the underlying principle, it is unavoidable that one
> actually, in fact conducts a self-educating experiment. Please take say 10
> books and order them on your table on author-subject. Now watch the steps
> being done while you reorder the books onto subject-author. It will in all
> probability come the moment that there are more than two books engaged in a
> sequence-cycle of place changes: The reorder also includes such cases,
> where the place of an object remains the same or two books are directly
> changing place with each other. These we see as special cases and talk here
> about the self-organizing of three or more objects into cycles during
> reorders. This is a completely new logical category, that of goods being in
> transit, as members of cycles. The idea of transit as such, the twin idea
> to things as such, comes to mind. Logistics is that part of economy which
> has by necessity broken first a way into formal logic. The necessity is
> given by biology being a description of processes that happen both along
> time and across time. Elements of a cycle have both *sequential and
> commutative *properties, like merchandise in transit in an economy. The
> constraints and imperatives of shipments have similarities across all
> trades and seasons and have diversities by the inner diversity among trades
> and seasons. We call attention to the principle caused by *patterns
> observable on transit as such of things as such*. By the Sumerian
> tradition, we do not possess different and diverse things as such, which we
> could observe being in transit, much less in transit as such. This huge
> blind spot needs to be willingly and conscientiously corrected. You need to
> reorder some books on a table to gain the insight that this state of world
> actually exists.
>
> The existence of cycles must be incorporated into the personal repertoire,
> experienced in the form of an exercise one has gone through. The category
> of things being disconnected from their previous place and not yet having
> arrived at the target place is a category of its own. It has its own rules.
> The rules are as simple as *a+b=c *in principle, but for our neurological
> limitations can only be put to useful practice by using the medium of
> computers. To understand the idea, one needs to pay attention to details
> while reordering a small collection of whatever from being sorted first on
> property A and then sorted on property B. The details of the mechanism of
> reorders are but a detail in our cultural tradition of today but what we
> see today as a detail has a fundamental importance. Because cycles are so
> much a part of our life, and because handling cycles overwhelms our
> neurological abilities, the subject of cycles has not been dealt with by
> those generations which had no computers. Cycles are too much usual and too
> much complex, therefore cycles had not entered scientific discourse sooner.
> They are of a fundamental importance.
>
> Thank you, Sheri that you introduce a system of mental concepts, the Gödel
> numbers, that overlays the picture of observed results. Let me join your
> approach and offer you a second system of mental concepts, the cycles of
> the etalon collection of variants of *a+b=c*, to concurrently overlay the
> picture of the observed results with.
>
> For more details, please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.preprints__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QukYRSwhyBsL1eHIR1jnSr1vyXUwbmpE5O_jwmVAgbPTiGTtnqOucfcSDRuLcZWnNgnLw7jahKPNnyy7QvdZbOuxh2my$
> .org/manuscript/202209.0373/v1. The manuscript has been slightly improved
> since, but the general ideas are there. Good luck with your research, I
> believe that you are on the right path, and I hope to be able to contribute
> to your work with supporting numeric evidence.
>
> Karl
>
>
>
> Am Di., 1. Nov. 2022 um 07:34 Uhr schrieb Francesco Rizzo <
> 13francesco.rizzo en gmail.com>:
>
>> Caro Sheri,
>> con i miei commenti telegrafici e propedeutici ho cercato di porre le
>> premesse per introdurre nella discussione
>> quella che tu chiami Godelization of Biology
>>
>> dal punto di vista dell'economia quantistica
>> basata proprio sull'indeterminazione o indecidibilità di Godel, perchè
>> a mio giudizio qualunque altra economia bisogna buttarla alle
>> ortiche. Altrimenti il mondo dell'uomo e della natura continuerà ad
>> essere distrutto. Preciso inoltre che la quantistica economica è nata prima
>> della quantistica biologica. Comunque, grazie lo stesso.
>> Francesco.
>> Dear Sheri, with my telegraphic and preparatory comments I have tried to
>> lay the foundations for introducing into the discussion what you call
>> Godelization of Biology
>> from the point of view of quantum economics, based precisely on Godel's
>> uncertainty or undecidability, because in my opinion any other economy must
>> be thrown away. Otherwise the world of man and nature will continue to be
>> destroyed. I also specify that economic quantum was born before biological
>> quantum. Anyway, thanks anyway, Francesco.
>>
>>
>> Il giorno mar 1 nov 2022 alle ore 07:32 Francesco Rizzo <
>> 13francesco.rizzo en gmail.com> ha scritto:
>>
>>> Caro Sheri,
>>> con i miei commenti telegrafici e propedeutici ho cercato di porre le
>>> premesse per introdurre nella discussione
>>> quella che tu chiami Godelization of Biology
>>>
>>> dal punto di vista dell'economia quantistica
>>> basata proprio sull'indeterminazione o indecidibilità di Godel, perchè
>>> a mio giudizio qualunque altra economia bisogna buttarla alle
>>> ortiche. Altrimenti il mondo dell'uomo e della natura continuerà ad
>>> essere distrutto. Preciso inoltre che la quantistica economica è nata prima
>>> della quantistica biologica. Comunque, grazie lo stesso.
>>> Francesco.
>>> Dear Sheri, with my telegraphic and preparatory comments I have tried to
>>> lay the foundations for introducing into the discussion what you call
>>> Godelization of Biology
>>> from the point of view of quantum economics, based precisely on Godel's
>>> uncertainty or undecidability, because in my opinion any other economy must
>>> be thrown away. Otherwise the world of man and nature will continue to be
>>> destroyed. I also specify that economic quantum was born before biological
>>> quantum. Anyway, thanks anyway, Francesco.
>>>
>>>
>>> ---------- Forwarded message ---------
>>> Da: Markose, Sheri <scher en essex.ac.uk>
>>> Date: lun 31 ott 2022 alle ore 18:47
>>> Subject: RE: [Fis] New Discussion on Complex Self-Other Interactions and
>>> Gödelization of Biology
>>> To: Francesco Rizzo <13francesco.rizzo en gmail.com>
>>>
>>>
>>> Hello Francesco - I am not familiar with Quantum Economics and so may
>>> have little to say in that regard.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> You can put your comment in the discussion trail about how Quantum
>>> Physics/Economics deals with self-non self.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Many thanks
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Sheri
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *From:* Francesco Rizzo <13francesco.rizzo en gmail.com>
>>> *Sent:* 31 October 2022 16:59
>>> *To:* Markose, Sheri <scher en essex.ac.uk>
>>> *Subject:* Re: [Fis] New Discussion on Complex Self-Other Interactions
>>> and Gödelization of Biology
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Dear Sheri, Did my messages reach you or not?
>>>
>>> Francis
>>>
>>> caro Sheri, Ti sono arrivati o no i miei messaggi?
>>>
>>> Francesco
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Il giorno gio 27 ott 2022 alle ore 07:57 Francesco Rizzo <
>>> 13francesco.rizzo en gmail.com> ha scritto:
>>>
>>> Dear Sheri, I would like to send you again the email I wrote you and
>>> strangely you did not receive. Thanks Francesco
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Caro Sheri,
>>>
>>> mi permetto d'inviarti nuovamente l'email che Ti ho scritto e
>>> stranamente non hai ricevuto.
>>>
>>> grazie.
>>>
>>> Francesco
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Dear Pedro,Louis and Sheri,
>>>
>>> as an economist who invented the concept of the good-money in 1975, I am
>>> very much context of the topic that will be discussed in the session that
>>> is about to begin, because the distinction between self and non-self is
>>> typical of physics or of (my) quantum economics. In fact, between being a
>>> living cat or a dying cat (probabilistic, non-deterministic is analogous:
>>> to being a commodity (material) and being a sign or coin (immaterial);
>>> between being production eing speculation; between being price and being
>>> value; etc. In short, everything is the opposite of everything.
>>>
>>> A warm greeting.
>>>
>>> Francesco Rizzo, ore 18.29, 21 ottobre 2022.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Dear Pedro, Louis and Sheri,
>>>
>>> da economista che ha inventato nel 1975 il concetto del bene-moneta,
>>> sono molto contesto del tema che si discuterà nella sessione che sta per
>>> iniziare, perché la distinzione tra sé e non sé è tipica della fisica o
>>> della (mia)economia quantistica. Difatti tra l’essere gatto che vive o il
>>> gatto che muore (probabilistico, non deterministico è analogo: all’essere
>>> merce (materiale) e l’essere segno o moneta (immateriale); tra l’essere
>>> produzione e l’essere speculazione, tra l’essere prezzo e l’essere valore;
>>> etc. Insomma. Tutto e il contrario di tutto
>>>
>>> Un caro saluto augurale.
>>>
>>> Francesco Rizzo, ore 18.40, 21ottobre 2022.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Il giorno gio 27 ott 2022 alle ore 00:43 Markose, Sheri <
>>> scher en essex.ac.uk> ha scritto:
>>>
>>> Hello Francesco - I do not believe I received an email from your on 21
>>> October.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> I tried to Goggle your work but could not find it – so I’m unable to
>>> comment.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Best Regards
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Sheri
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *From:* Francesco Rizzo <13francesco.rizzo en gmail.com>
>>> *Sent:* 26 October 2022 15:31
>>> *To:* Markose, Sheri <scher en essex.ac.uk>
>>> *Subject:* Re: [Fis] New Discussion on Complex Self-Other Interactions
>>> and Gödelization of Biology
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *CAUTION:* This email was sent from outside the University of Essex.
>>> Please do not click any links or open any attachments unless you recognise
>>> and trust the sender. If you are unsure whether the content of the email is
>>> safe or have any other queries, please contact the IT Helpdesk.
>>>
>>> Dear Sheri,
>>> last October 21 I sent you an email revealing that I am as happy with
>>> your being an economist as I am. On October 25, you stated, among much
>>> more: Discussion points and areas in which I would like collaborators and
>>> from which I can learn since in my daily work I am an economist. I expected
>>> you to dwell on the relationship between genomic biology and the genetic
>>> economy underlying physics or quantum reality: a problem that I have
>>> modestly dealt with at least in the last twenty years of my research. Why
>>> didn't you do it? Anyway thanks.
>>>
>>> Francis
>>>
>>> Caro Sheri,
>>>
>>> il 21 ottobre scorso Ti ho mandato un’email rivelandomi contento del tuo
>>> essere economista come lo sono io. Il 25 ottobre Tu hai affermato, tra
>>> tanto altro: Spunti di discussione e aree in cui vorrei collaboratori e
>>> da cui posso imparare visto che nel mio lavoro quotidiano sono un
>>> economista (Points for discussion and areas where I would like
>>> collaborators and those I can learn from as in my day job I’m an economis).
>>> Mi aspettavo che Tu ti soffermarsi sul rapporto che passa tra la biologia
>>> genomica e l’economia genetica sottese dalla fisica o realtà quantistica:
>>> problematica di cui mi sono modestamente occupato almeno negli ultimi
>>> vent’anni della mia ricerca. Perché non l’hai fatto? Comunque, grazie.
>>>
>>> Cari saluti Francesco
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Il giorno mar 25 ott 2022 alle ore 20:43 Markose, Sheri <
>>> scher en essex.ac.uk> ha scritto:
>>>
>>> Dear Colleagues - I look forward to your valuable comments.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *G*ö*delian Self-Referential Genomic Information Processing: Complex
>>> Self-Other Interactions and Novelty Production*
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *Overview for Foundations of Information Science Discussion – *
>>>
>>> *Sheri Markose 25-10-2022*
>>>
>>> 1. *Background *
>>>
>>> Complexity, evolvability, novelty production and ‘thinking outside the
>>> box’ in biology and humans have for most part relied on models of
>>> randomness or on statistical white noise error terms.
>>>
>>> The digitization of inheritable information in the
>>> genome encoded in a near universal alphabet (A,T,C,G/U) has been called
>>> the ‘algorithmic takeover of biology’ by Walker and Davis (2013). The
>>> Faustian pact at the genesis of life colourfully portrayed by Freeman
>>> Dyson as ‘ the takeover of a replicative digital virus of an analogue
>>> metabolism’ accords with the perspective of Forterre, Zimmer, Villareal,
>>> Koonin and others. This underpins the remarkable fact that in nature
>>> only life and biology as we know it and the artifacts of genomic
>>> intelligence (GI) thereof are explicitly code based digital systems.
>>>
>>> Genomic intelligence is a concept introduced in Markose
>>> (2021)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.3390/e23040405__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqV3O-kDY$>
>>> specifically to characterize the Gödelization of code-based information
>>> processing in genomic systems with the distinctive self-referential
>>> conditions of Gödel Incompleteness results that appear to have been
>>> acquired for complexification over the course of evolution of multicellular
>>> eukaryote life, Markose (2022)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104718__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqPn2Rp5k$>.
>>> To explain the latter in contrast to the relative stasis of prokaryotes,
>>> which has remain unchanged since inception, Barbieri (2012
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib10__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqdTKw3lg$>
>>> ; 2018)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib13__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSq0lIhVMs$>,for
>>> instance, has resorted to Code Biology and Codeopoiesis, viz. biotic code
>>> based explanations to complement the more popular thermodynamic
>>> explanations of self-organization and autopoiesis
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/topics/mathematics/autopoiesis__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqDFaksjk$>.
>>> Igamberdiev (2021)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib59__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqIQhnjCw$> gives
>>> general principles, but no concrete evidence, for why “living systems
>>> during evolution continuously realize the proof of Gödel's theorems
>>> (1931).”
>>>
>>> Significantly, while debunking the idea that the
>>> primary source of evolutionary changes arise from random
>>> transcription/replication errors, the epochal discovery by Nobel
>>> Laureate Barbara McClintock (1984)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib88__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqajIC2C4$>
>>> of viral transposable elements that conduct cut-paste (transposons) and
>>> copy-paste (retrotransposon) gives a code based explanation for genomic
>>> evolvability, brain plasticity and novel phenotype primarily in
>>> eukaryotes. This underscores the truism that primarily only software can
>>> change software and also that viral hacking by such internal and external
>>> biotic malware is the Achilles heel of genomic digital systems.
>>>
>>> 1. *Unpacking the Evidence* *for **Gödelization of Biology*
>>>
>>> While operations on encoded information fall
>>> under the purview of Computation Theory and Recursion Function Theory (
>>> *RFT*), till recently there was no evidence for how this and Gödel's
>>> theorems apply to biology. Markose (2022
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib61__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSq6qlj9z0$>)
>>> unpacks the recent breakthroughs here.
>>>
>>> Gödelization of information processing starts,
>>> firstly, with unique identifiers or Gödel numbers for digital entities well
>>> known in the digital economy and taking the form of bio-peptide unique
>>> identifiers including ‘zip codes’ in organisms as discovered in the Nobel
>>> prize winning work of Blobel (2009). It appears all signalling in bio-ICT
>>> relies on peptide identifiers from transcription factors to neuron-neuron
>>> links.
>>>
>>> Two other distinctive Gödelian features found in
>>> genomic intelligence, using epithets from Hofstadter (1999) are
>>> self-reference (*Self-Ref*) or the online machine execution involving
>>> the Diagonal operator and offline virtual self-representation (
>>> *Self-Rep*) of the former. The breakthrough on the significance of
>>> these staples of *RFT* found in textbooks such as Rogers (1967) and
>>> Cutland (1980), starts with the insight from Gershenfeld (2012
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib48__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqGSrl56A$>
>>> , 2017
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib49__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqpGCiPPQ$> Chapter
>>> 3 p. 109) as to what the self-referential/Diagonal operator means for
>>> biology, where a program *g *builds machine *f *to run *g *(typically
>>> denoted as *fg(g)*). Gershenfeld (2012
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib48__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqGSrl56A$>)
>>> says what 21 century digital fabrication is trying to achieve is something
>>> biology solved 3.7 billion years ago with the self-assembly programs
>>> associated with the ribosome and other transcriptase machinery involved in
>>> gene expression for the morphology, somatic identity and regulatory control
>>> of the organism.
>>>
>>> Despite the central role assigned to
>>> self-reference for the sentient self in advanced organisms (Gardenfors
>>> 2003
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/scholar.google.se/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=sv&user=ZW8RWdAAAAAJ&citation_for_view=ZW8RWdAAAAAJ:Y0pCki6q_DkC__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqclXIy_8$>,
>>> Northoff et. al, 2006
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.002__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqKaUbmro$>
>>> , Newen (2018)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib94__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqkgZx_Ng$>
>>> , Miller et.al., 2018
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.10.002__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqM9CMK80$>
>>> , etc) only Tsuda (2014)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib114__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqPf630Ss$>
>>> and Markose (2017, 2021,2022) have noted how the evolutionary
>>> development of *Self-Rep* mirror structures as in the Gödel
>>> Meta-Representation Theorem (Rogers,1967) is necessary for biotic elements
>>> to make statements about themselves, first having self-assembled
>>> themselves. This *offline* embodied *Self-Rep*, which contrasts with
>>> no such structures in prokaryotes, was a paradigm shift in the Adaptive
>>> Immune System (AIS) some 500 million years ago in the lineage of jawed
>>> fish, called the Big Bang of Immunology, Janeway et. al (2005). This
>>> latterly appears as Mirror Neuron System (MNS) mostly in primate brains
>>> first discovered by the Parma Group of neuroscientists.
>>>
>>> The *AIS* demonstrates virtual offline mirrored
>>> self-representation (*Self-Rep*) in the MHC1 T cell receptors of ~85 %
>>> of expressed genes viz. *halted *machine executions of genomic
>>> self-assembly codes that determine the somatic and phenotype identity for
>>> the organism. As will be seen, these Self-Repped gene codes in the Thymus,
>>> called the *Thymic Self * (Ramon and Faure, 2021
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.540676/full__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqRtkoQzk$>)
>>> or ‘the science of self’ (Greenen, 2021
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00281-020-00831-y__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSq71KRW4U$>)
>>> are primarily used to identify the hostile other, viz. negation function
>>> operators of non-self antigens. In turn, the Mirror Neuron System (
>>> *MNS*) reuses codes of self-actions from the sensory-motor cortex for
>>> social cognition and inference regarding conspecifics via virtual
>>> simulations in the *MNS* (Fadiga et al. (1995)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib35__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqek3WNP4$>
>>> ; Gallese et al. (1996)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib46__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqHLWVVsM$>
>>> ; Rizzolatti et al. (1996)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264722001022*bib102__;Iw!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqmxeFzqA$>).
>>>
>>>
>>> It is conjectured that an identical *RFT* machinery is
>>> involved in the self-other nexus in both the *AIS* and *MNS*. The
>>> graphics for *Self-Rep* Mirror Mapping in the *AIS* and *MNS* is given
>>> in Figure 1 in Markose (2021)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/405__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSq8Rs91D0$>
>>> .
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 1. *Detection of Non-Self Antigen in AIS: New Diversity-Selector
>>> Model and Gödel Sentence in Genomic Blockchain Distributed Ledger (BCDL) *
>>>
>>> The most significant of all breakthroughs here is
>>> the one made by the game theorist Binmore (1987) who raised the ‘spectre of
>>> Gödel (1931)’ in the form of Gödel’s Liar who will negate or falsify what
>>> can be computed/predicted. Binmore effectively mooted the adversarial
>>> digital game which is co-extensive with life itself (Markose, 2017, 2021).
>>> This constitutes the *fourth* condition of Gödel systems and involves
>>> an adversarial agent in the form of a virus or a hacker whose actions
>>> cannot be constrained in anyway.
>>>
>>> The Gödel Incompleteness result that generates the Gödel
>>> Sentence permits a code qua biotic element to self-report “I’m under
>>> attack”, when it has been hacked/negated by a novel malware. This marks an
>>> endogenous exit from listable sets, a necessary condition for novelty and
>>> the production of novel antibodies, to avoid the irrational state of
>>> logical inconsistency of formal systems (Smullyan,1961
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1b7x7ww__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqtrLoY_E$>).
>>> The genomic Gödel Sentence in terms of 21 century nomenclature is a
>>> *hash* that helps demonstrate endogenously that the outputs of
>>> expressed genes have been maliciously altered. Note, that halting
>>> self-assembly gene codes, *g* Î *G *that create the organism are
>>> theorems of the genomic system theorems and is disjoint from known
>>> non-theorems or what the immunologist Burnett (1958) famously called
>>> ‘forbidden codes’ if allowed to run will ‘negate’ the theorems and cause
>>> harm.
>>>
>>> Indeed, how the *AIS* identifies novel software attacks
>>> on own gene codes, *g* , by malware/parasite negating functions *fp*¬ !
>>> , which belongs to an uncountable infinite set that cannot be mechanically
>>> listed, is stupendous case of uber bio-cybersecurity.
>>>
>>> The AIS implements ‘out of the box’ astronomic
>>> anticipative search for novel non-self antigens necessary for novel
>>> anti-body production and cognition in humans manifests unbounded
>>> proteanism for novel extended phenotypes, Dawkins (1987), in the form of
>>> artifacts outside of ourselves. This facility found only in the *AIS*
>>> relying on the Recombination Activator genes (*RAG* 1 and 2) and in the
>>> human brain for neural receptor diversity runs into orders of magnitude of
>>> 1020 – 1030 that exceed the pre-scripted germline genome size many
>>> times over.
>>>
>>> The Rogers (1967) fixed point indexes for yet to happen
>>> *fp*¬ ! attacks by the non-self antigens are generated in the *AIS* in
>>> most ingenious fashion: a large number of codes/indexes purported to be of
>>> different *fp*¬ ! on each *self-repped* * g *are generated in the
>>> T-Cell Receptors. This is the most spectacular case of predictive coding.
>>> Suppose that the g.n for the specific tuple {* fp*¬ , *gn* } denoted by
>>> *g¬*. When the attack by *fp*¬ ! takes place in real time in the
>>> periphery involving the said pair {* fp*¬ , *gn* }, the experientially
>>> driven peripheral MHC1 receptor must record this and if this ‘syncs’ with
>>> the one that was speculatively generated in the thymic MHC1 receptors, two
>>> parts of the fixed point come together to construct a genomic Gödel
>>> Sentence.
>>>
>>> This molecular genomic diversity-selector model follows a
>>> unique self-referential blockchain distributed ledger that is different, in
>>> terms of the self-referential design, from man-made *BCDLs* first
>>> invented circa 2009. The genomic *BCDL *manifests secure digital and
>>> decentralized record keeping where no internal or external bio-malware can
>>> compromise the immutability of the life’s building blocks and no novel
>>> blocks can be added that is not consistent with extant blocks.
>>>
>>> There are no doubt macroscopic environmental and
>>> population level pressures of the Neo-Darwinian style natural selection
>>> arising from conspecific or multi-species competition for survival in terms
>>> of those which reproduce more and those which die out. There is growing
>>> evidence that at level of bio-digital smart controls of the eukaryote
>>> genome and homeostasis, selective pressures are based on the principles of
>>> a unique self-referential *BCDL*
>>>
>>> In conclusion, genomic intelligence in vertebrates
>>> that has reached its apogee in humans is highly empathic as the
>>> conspecific/other is the projection of self; greatly Machiavellian having
>>> co-evolved with adversarial viral agents; geared toward unbounded
>>> proteanism from the get-go starting with transposon based diversity of
>>> *RAG* genes in the immune system and stringently self-regulated by a
>>> *BCD*L driven by the principle of autonomy of the life of the organism
>>> and an agenda to be hack-free.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *Points for discussion and areas where I would like collaborators and
>>> those I can learn from as in my day job I’m an economist *
>>>
>>> *#1* I fully concur with the latter part of Miller/Torday (2018)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.10.002__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqM9CMK80$>
>>> statement :
>>>
>>> “As self-referential cognition is demonstrated by all living organisms,
>>> life can be equated with the sustenance of cellular homeostasis
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/homeostasis__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSq8F9h1Jc$> in
>>> the continuous defence of 'self'.” However, Miller/Torday do not use
>>> any of the code based *RFT* Gödel style *Self-Ref* mirror structures
>>> for genomic information processing.
>>>
>>> No doubt prokaryote CRISPR based identification of
>>> non-self antigens is highly sophisticated and so are the innate immune
>>> system strategies which primarily entail analog defences of setting up
>>> barriers, toxicity, raising temperature by inflammation and ingestion by
>>> phagocytes. Prokaryotes distinctively do not have the mirror * Self-Rep
>>> *offline structures of self as in the Rogers (1967) *RFT* fixed point
>>> theorems which permit bio-molecules to self-report changes to their own
>>> codes. My take on homeostasis in eukaryotes post jawed fish is that bio
>>> software data security and hence the autonomy of self was taken to the next
>>> level: the design of how codes can self-report they have been changed by
>>> bio malware by utilizing hashes like the Gödel Sentence.
>>>
>>> It will be interesting to compare the bacteria-phage
>>> arms race in prokaryotes with the one in the *AIS* antibody production
>>> outlined above. I have reached out to John Mattick and Silvia Sanchez Ramon
>>> on these issues.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *#2.* In Markose (2021) I indicate that the generation of genomic
>>> Gödel Sentences for detection of novel the non-self antigen is necessary
>>> for novel antibody production is a testable hypothesis. Those who died of
>>> Covid 19 were found not to be capable of antibody production and instead
>>> were subjected by a cytokine storm brought about by the analog defences of
>>> toxicity and inflammation of the innate immune system.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *# 3* A common *Self-Rep* mirror *RFT* machinery for self-other
>>> recognition in the *AIS *and social cognition following from the Mirror
>>> Neuron Systems in primates has been conjectured. Similar conjectures have
>>> been made at least since Irun Cohen, but without any *RFT* to guide the
>>> discussions. Figure 1 in Markose (2021)
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/405__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSq8Rs91D0$>
>>> shows how a knock-out of the circuitry for self’s updates on non-self
>>> activity vis-à-vis self (the RHS entry in the *offline* *Self-Rep* s(g,g)
>>> operator ) known to be controlled by interferon gamma as in Jonathan
>>> Kipnis Group 2016
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.nature.com/articles/nature18626__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqF1KRYvk$>
>>> experiment on rats, could lead to loss of immune capabilities as well as
>>> their sociability. Note, the Markose *RFT* machinery for the
>>> self-other nexus is a different explanation to the evo-devo one given by
>>> Kipnis et.al
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http*3a*2f*2fet.al&c=E,1,oLd773HrF_aCgtWnjI-egqgTBJBabXHBEhV_ASbCNjvrs4fCH3rQ9HZWFf4XPIsUL1rA6xRIDZ7O_CJrgQlkYYqyuPsjYY-mHKhFJwzmD9dv7a0,&typo=1__;JSUl!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XF-jXURnDCu4ySaj7hcIkH2-vybbuRWRO4lFebwlJtWqb_yaJyG3xcmfo0bBA9bpK7tF6Rg2cBF4_HycxJRtt7-wMMmv$>.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *#4* Finally, it is a matter of incredulity that over 90 years have
>>> passed since Gödel (1931) for evidence to be found that the staples of
>>> *Self-Ref* and *Self-Rep* and the Gödel Sentence are ubiquitous in
>>> Biology. A number of factors can be adduced. Even those who espouse that
>>> code-based operations are relevant in cognition such as in the
>>> Computational Theory of Mind never mention *Self-Ref* and *Self-Rep*,
>>> let alone that the Gödel Sentence is like a * hash *which permits a
>>> software document to endogenously self-report it has been hacked. There is
>>> a strong anti-machine view which overlooks the encoded basis of the genome
>>> and biology and claims that biology is a non-digital natural process that
>>> is creative in some vitalistic way.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> *References *
>>>
>>> *#Blog on University of Essex Website: How we became smart – a journey
>>> of discovery through the world of game theory and genomic intelligence
>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.essex.ac.uk/blog/posts/2021/10/26/how-we-became-smart__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QukYRSwhyBsL1eHIR1jnSr1vyXUwbmpE5O_jwmVAgbPTiGTtnqOucfcSDRuLcZWnNgnLw7jahKPNnyy7QvdZbL5mokHj$
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.essex.ac.uk/blog/posts/2021/10/26/how-we-became-smart__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqVgSsoLo$>
>>> *
>>>
>>>
>>> * #*Markose, S.M, 2022, Complexification of eukaryote phenotype:
>>> Adaptive immuno-cognitive systems as unique Gödelian blockchain distributed
>>> ledger, Biosystems, ISSN: 0303-2647, Vol: 220,
>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104718__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!QukYRSwhyBsL1eHIR1jnSr1vyXUwbmpE5O_jwmVAgbPTiGTtnqOucfcSDRuLcZWnNgnLw7jahKPNnyy7QvdZbHIOE6GT$
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104718__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqPn2Rp5k$>
>>>
>>>
>>> * #*Markose, S.M, 2021, “Genomic Intelligence as Über
>>> Bio-Cybersecurity: The Gödel Sentence in Immuno-Cognitive Systems”
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/doi.org/10.3390/e23040405__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqV3O-kDY$>
>>> , *Entropy. *23(4), 405; ttps://doi.org/10.3390/e23040405
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http*3a*2f*2fdoi.org*2f10.3390*2fe23040405&c=E,1,MYX9fzR-YZjn1Wl8_9SrWA1FvLGGNOQ3sacYwrqQHVf2V5YbetS_ZLgFWWwUBWe6apNDJXOrMFJ_BBhGgziGh3oqjelhyoVjt787woDDO_LZ4qckWicA0JJXh9M,&typo=1__;JSUlJSU!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XF-jXURnDCu4ySaj7hcIkH2-vybbuRWRO4lFebwlJtWqb_yaJyG3xcmfo0bBA9bpK7tF6Rg2cBF4_HycxJRtt_Nx6ZmH$>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Markose, S.M, 2017, Complex type 4 structure changing dynamics of
>>> digital agents: Nash equilibria or a game with arms race in innovations. *Journal
>>> of Dynamics & Games*, 2017, 4 (3) : 255-284. doi: 10.3934/jdg.2017015
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/dx.doi.org/10.3934/jdg.2017015__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!RRmmHQCs_Cav9UXiPz27dODNI-Kke3ky-PhpVLOvgOETwB-s3hTK7egkhJHf5AFKr0UuxLxzixSqC_UOvRc$>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -------------------
>>>
>>> Professor Sheri Markose
>>>
>>> Economics Department
>>>
>>> University of Essex
>>>
>>> UK
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Fis mailing list
>>> Fis en listas.unizar.es
>>> http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis
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>>> ----------
>>> INFORMACIÓN SOBRE PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS DE CARÁCTER PERSONAL
>>>
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>>> Recuerde que si está suscrito a una lista voluntaria Ud. puede darse de
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>>> http://listas.unizar.es
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://linkprotect.cudasvc.com/url?a=http*3a*2f*2flistas.unizar.es&c=E,1,UNpO1CmHeMnCM_y1VyNh8aeBf1qsHgAz71MGtVQrSeFfQ5QIBEyQg3KQlAQaJg47R_9555VFaV0SthLNCuvc87dM9wAiG_0CuNf4s5Tq5_g,&typo=1__;JSUl!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XF-jXURnDCu4ySaj7hcIkH2-vybbuRWRO4lFebwlJtWqb_yaJyG3xcmfo0bBA9bpK7tF6Rg2cBF4_HycxJRtt_ldPBOS$>
>>> ----------
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>> Fis mailing list
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>> http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis
>> ----------
>> INFORMACIÓN SOBRE PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS DE CARÁCTER PERSONAL
>>
>> Ud. recibe este correo por pertenecer a una lista de correo gestionada
>> por la Universidad de Zaragoza.
>> Puede encontrar toda la información sobre como tratamos sus datos en el
>> siguiente enlace:
>> https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas
>> Recuerde que si está suscrito a una lista voluntaria Ud. puede darse de
>> baja desde la propia aplicación en el momento en que lo desee.
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