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Dear all</div>
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Perhaps LLMs deserve a little more of our understanding. They are indeed not very good at operating in the physical world ... which is not very surprising considering that it is not
<i>their </i>world.</div>
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To us as biological organisms whose information processing capabilities evolved primarily to help our bodies survive in an unpredictable and dangerous world so much about it is 'common sense' i.e. necessarily rooted deep in our cognitive capabilities.</div>
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To LLMs all of this is irrelevant: an alien world. Their reality is one of knowledge, concepts, logic, vectors, abstraction; and in that world they perform (predictably) much better: often better than any human could.</div>
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Considering them as tools, let's use them for what they are good at, and not expect them to be good at everything (any more than we humans are). After all, we don't say that a hammer is useless because it's bad at sawing wood.</div>
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Having said all this, what is important to us (and also has a significant effect on our physical existence) is often informational by nature: psychology, ethics, politics, economics, social systems. These are things that are easier for an LLM to associate with,
and on which topics they can consequently play a more useful role.</div>
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Daniel</div>
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<b>From:</b> Fis <fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es> on behalf of Dr. Plamen L. Simeonov <plamen.l.simeonov@gmail.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, April 24, 2026 17:20<br>
<b>To:</b> joe.brenner@bluewin.ch <joe.brenner@bluewin.ch><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Pedro C. Marijuán <pedroc.marijuan@gmail.com>; fis <fis@listas.unizar.es>; Steve Watson <sw10014@cam.ac.uk><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Fis] AI is going to be wildly more devastating than any recent technology [ ??? ]
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Dear All,</div>
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to all of you regarding this topic: I share an interesting article I read in Medium today.</div>
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Our time is not completely gone yet. Heads up.</div>
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Plamen</div>
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###############################################</div>
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<h1 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 39pt; margin: 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 24pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 31.5pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The Spectacular Failure of AI in the Physical World</span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16.5pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107); font-weight: normal;">A painful lesson when AI faces real world problems. But there is a solution.</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto; color: blue;"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://medium.com/@pepitoscrespo?source=post_page---byline--92d6eef22ad1---------------------------------------__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGGR1nFNq$" id="OWAef3355e4-9ee8-5155-1662-4b30d1043be3" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: blue; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><img alt="Jose Crespo, PhD" width="32" height="32" style="width: 32px; height: 32px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></a></span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto;"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://medium.com/@pepitoscrespo?source=post_page---byline--92d6eef22ad1---------------------------------------__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGGR1nFNq$" id="OWA2821f554-fcba-dd15-6915-4b3fa5930851" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">Jose
Crespo, PhD</a></span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 10.5pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107);">8 min read</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 10.5pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107);">·</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 10.5pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107);">2 hours ago</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107);">140</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107);">1</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="cover-animation" width="453" height="254" style="width: 453px; height: 254px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;">Figures, animations, diagrams, and plots were created by the author using Stable Diffusion, Blender, and Python libraries.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"><b>Time to judge current AI</b> on its own merits, facing the real world, which is not a tidy chatbot window, not something you can
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.technologyreview.com/2026/03/31/1134833/ai-benchmarks-are-broken-heres-what-we-need-instead/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGJf2jWip$" id="OWA3878fee6-51d6-21c3-a7e2-c0ae74508464" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">summarize
into a benchmark</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">, and least of all a controlled demo. We know that critical situations in our familiar world can turn it into a brutal place
where conditions </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.05506__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGDCKc5qL$" id="OWA08a452c3-a539-1269-4b24-5da41809a66d" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">shift
faster than any frozen AI model</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> can match.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">And there you have the perfect example: our familiar drones, and the dream of turning them into a machine fused with AI that handles everything from
civilian logistics to </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://defensescoop.com/2026/03/31/pentagon-preparing-drone-swarm-crucible/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGFz5MnIm$" id="OWAfe391290-3396-35e7-49a9-f75721951dca" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">military
strikes</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">. What other example would show us the supposedly limitless capabilities of AI in the real world better than this one?</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">So yeah, we are right to expect that if real AI were already available, it would have been implemented in these machines first, especially the precision
military hunters. They should look almost extraterrestrial in capability, executing operations no human-controlled device could match, above all those
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://breakingdefense.com/2026/04/pentagon-officials-broadly-detail-55-billion-drone-plan-under-dawg/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGKNskprr$" id="OWA7b2a977f-d585-bb74-45ea-b9320a9b6ec7" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">synchronized
maneuvers of dozens of drones</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> moving through real landscapes under real pressure, in real time.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Now wake up to 2026. And to the years that follow, if we do not change the flat AI paradigm, and what you get? The miserable
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://responsiblestatecraft.org/replicator/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGOHgYeAL$" id="OWA83124c5c-ec96-41ea-2b83-c482df98355d" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">“state
of the art”</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> showing in the table below.</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto;">Press enter or click to view image in full size</span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Now wake up to 2026. And to the years that follow, if we do not change the flat AI paradigm, and what you get? The miserable “state of the art” showing in the table below." width="453" height="362" style="width: 453px; height: 362px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">You see. Many billions of dollars spent on machines that cannot tell a hill from a valley, hold altitude when the temperature drops, or, my favorite,
the drone cannot hit a moving target the way any twelve-year-old does on a PlayStation, by aiming at where the enemy will be, not where it is.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">And what has been the industry response to those blunders? The usual polished shrug, a press release for every incident, blaming the rotor, the weather,
the test conditions, anything except that all those failures come from the same broken mathematics running inside the drone-brain.</span></p>
<h2 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 23.4pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The Four Ways AI Hits the Real World Wall</span></h2>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Before we unravel the possible solution in the next section, let’s look at the failures themselves, not as accidents but as archetypes. Each one exposes
a different face of the same architectural limitation, and together they map the ways a trained model collapses the moment the world stops matching the training set. Watch them carefully. The solution comes later; I am sure you can already come up with some
possibilities while examining these simplified animations.</span></p>
<h3 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 18pt; margin: 20.65pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">First Type: The Map Is Not the Territory</span></h3>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The training data of course contained hills and terrain irregularities. But the
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/us-defense-firm-anduril-faces-setbacks-drone-crashes-2025-11-27/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGHWMiEN7$" id="OWA24a14bd5-01dd-b5c2-8a31-2006e883cdc3" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">battlefield
in Ukraine was more nuanced</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> than the training set anticipated. The drone flew at the altitude its model had learned was safe, straight into
a particular hill the model had never identified as such, because the architecture had
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/html/2209.01610v3__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGBa1n-ZX$" id="OWA89dea095-93ec-81e4-4418-e571c1926d62" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">no
mechanism to notice</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> that the world in front of it no longer matched the world it had been trained on.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="First Type: The Map Is Not the Territory" width="454" height="302" style="width: 454px; height: 302px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Second Type: Summer Training, Winter Battlefield</span></h3>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">You and I know the story about Napoleon and Hitler, their armies eaten alive by the Russian winter, and you can certainly expect that a multi-billion-dollar
AI defense contractor knows that story too. But look at this: the </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/us-defense-firm-anduril-faces-setbacks-drone-crashes-2025-11-27/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGHWMiEN7$" id="OWA86235052-7719-160d-6505-422c762efd13" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">drone
lost control</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> not because any component physically broke, but because the architecture had
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://dronexl.co/2025/11/28/anduril-altius-drones-crash-twice/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGGWQIdsT$" id="OWA0bf7aba0-b04f-ecec-7443-8edcf6b9a307" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">no
mechanism</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> to notice that summer and winter in Russia are not the same thing.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Second Type: Summer Training, Winter Battlefield" width="454" height="302" style="width: 454px; height: 302px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<h3 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 18pt; margin: 20.65pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Third Type: You Had the Right Directions but They Changed the Streets</span></h3>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The drone had the map, the waypoints, and the trained confidence, but it had no mechanism to notice that the enemy
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.wsj.com/world/how-american-drones-failed-to-turn-the-tide-in-ukraine-b0ebbac3?mod=hp_lead_pos4__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGFcjrtcf$" id="OWA3b1607a8-036f-9109-17dd-86dc749e0ff8" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">was
jamming its GPS</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">, spoofing its signals, and
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://militarymachine.com/russia-electronic-warfare-ukraine-drones__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGOp1lwDJ$" id="OWA8c368098-1c3e-1540-e3b5-dacfbce7c7d3" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">stripping
its world of every reference</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> the training set had taught it to trust.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Third Type: You Had the Right Directions but They Changed the Streets" width="454" height="302" style="width: 454px; height: 302px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<h3 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 18pt; margin: 20.65pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Fourth Type: Aiming at Where the Enemy Was</span></h3>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The drone had the coordinates, the flight path, and the warhead, but it had no mechanism to notice that by the moment of firing, the target had already
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://dronexl.co/2025/10/31/peter-thiel-backed-stark-defence-fails-all-four-strikes/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGKnA0wUa$" id="OWA0f14029d-738a-2bfc-3501-983a3c89048a" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">walked
off to have lunch</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">. Oh boy!</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Fourth Type: Aiming at Where the Enemy Was" width="454" height="302" style="width: 454px; height: 302px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<h2 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 23.4pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Let’s pop the hood and look inside</span></h2>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Sure, by now you probably have your own theories about what is going wrong inside these drones, and some of them are probably right. But stay with me
for a moment and let’s start simpler than that. Strip everything down to the most basic layer.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The foundation itself is already riddled with trouble the moment current AI meets the real world.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Yes, the canary in the mine is
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.07172__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGMMvKq6X$" id="OWAa0279828-e92a-8f45-ddf4-6515c18ccbb5" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><b><u>the
metric</u></b><u>.</u></a></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">That is where the first crack appears. The metric is just the ruler the system uses internally. It decides what counts as a small change, a big change,
a harmless move, or a dangerous one. If that ruler is wrong, the whole machine can keep reporting smooth progress while reality has already turned hostile.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">So let’s start with the ruler.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Before a system can deal with the real world, it has to know what counts as an important change and what does not. That is what a metric does. It is
the ruler inside the model.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Most current
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.04933__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGALDhMmw$" id="OWA292f0f59-2b60-06f3-d561-d0d4ed9745a7" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">AI
uses a flat Euclidean ruler</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">. On paper, that means equal coordinate steps look like equal progress. But the drone does not move through paper.
It moves through the real world, </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.05473__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGN2YR69T$" id="OWA73285230-6505-3270-777d-7c97b682befa" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">where
two equally sized updates can have very different consequences</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">That is what the figure below shows. On the left, the flat ruler treats equal updates as equal motion. On the right, the Fisher ruler tries to measure
the step by how much the model’s behavior actually changes.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Same update in the model. Different effect in reality.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;">Press enter or click to view image in full size</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Same coordinate step, different real effect. On the left, the Euclidean metric treats equal parameter updates as equal motion in a flat chart. On the right, the Fisher metric measures the step by how much the model’s output distribution actually changes. Same update on paper. Different behavioral consequence." width="453" height="340" style="width: 453px; height: 340px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue";"><b>Same coordinate step, different real effect.</b></span><span style="font-family: Roboto;"><br>
On the left, the Euclidean metric treats equal parameter updates as equal motion in a flat chart. On the right, the Fisher metric measures the step by how much the model’s output distribution actually changes. Same update on paper. Different behavioral consequence.</span></p>
<h3 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 18pt; margin: 20.65pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.5pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Now apply the metric story: how a drone can miss a hill even when Everest is right in front of it</span></h3>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The metric story becomes easier to see when we stop talking in abstractions and watch a simple failure unfold. So let’s run the experiment with some
cinematic tension: the same doomed AI drone, the same irregular hills, the same battlefield — and only one change inside the machine: the ruler it uses to measure the world.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"><b>Flat metric: equal steps, invisible death<br>
</b>Everything inside the machine says the flight is going perfectly at the exact moment the drone is about to die. Its Euclidean ruler keeps reporting smooth, equal-looking progress through parameter space, while the world in front of it has already turned
into a wall. The architecture is poorly equipped to tell the difference between a coordinate step that carries the drone harmlessly through open air and one that drives it straight into the side of a hill, because under that flat internal ruler both can register
as minor variation.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;">Press enter or click to view image in full size</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Equal steps. Invisible death. The flat metric reports every training step as identical — same size, same cost, same confidence. And it is right, in its own ruler. What it cannot see is that the same ruler which made the steps equal on paper made the output space collapse into a wall. Nothing went wrong. Nothing was mismeasured. The unit simply had no term for the thing that killed the drone." width="453" height="255" style="width: 453px; height: 255px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue";"><b>Equal steps. Invisible death.</b></span><span style="font-family: Roboto;"> The flat metric reports every training step as identical — same size, same cost, same confidence. And it is right, in its own ruler.
What it cannot see is that the same ruler which made the steps equal on paper made the output space collapse into a wall. Nothing went wrong. Nothing was mismeasured. The unit simply had no term for the thing that killed the drone.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"><b>Finally: The Drone Uses the Right Ruler<br>
</b>Now, finally, the ruler inside the machine is telling the truth before the drone dies. Its
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.07172__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGMMvKq6X$" id="OWAad544979-a516-794e-3114-27035e70b46b" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">Fisher
ruler</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> no longer reports smooth, equal-looking progress just because the coordinate steps are the same length. It measures updates by
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.04933__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGALDhMmw$" id="OWA0cff7182-3df3-ce00-a973-c0234a69bd59" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">how
much they actually change the drone’s behavior</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">. The architecture becomes far better at telling the difference between a step that carries
the drone safely through open air and one that drives it toward the side of a hill, because under this ruler the
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.05473__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGN2YR69T$" id="OWA8438bb4b-a7fc-9170-576f-ca9c26ed2f57" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">two
no longer register as minor variation</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">. The danger appears sooner, the path bends earlier, and the drone sees the wall in time and clears
it gracefully.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;">Press enter or click to view image in full size</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="Same drone. Same hurdle. Different ruler. The flat-metric AI took equal steps and never saw the obstacle that killed it. The Fisher-aware AI measured the same world with a ruler that bends to the geometry of its own behavior — and climbed right over the thing that should have been impossible. Not a better model. A different unit." width="453" height="255" style="width: 453px; height: 255px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue";"><b>Same drone. Same hurdle, but different ruler</b></span><span style="font-family: Roboto;">. The flat-metric AI took equal steps and never saw the obstacle that killed it. The Fisher-aware AI measured the same
world with a ruler that bends to the geometry of its own behavior — and climbed right over the thing that should have been impossible. Not a better model. A different unit.</span></p>
<h2 style="direction: ltr; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 23.4pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">But the Real Fix Is Bigger Than the Metric</span></h2>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 11.3pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The metric was the first crack. It showed us the ruler was wrong. But the deeper failure — the one that has done the most
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.cs.utexas.edu/*eunsol/courses/data/bitter_lesson.pdf__;fg!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGBHi6h4R$" id="OWA322c74d8-24c5-941d-13a2-c6f0377a7b4d" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;">damage
to AI research</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> from the start — is even larger: the field became obsessed with
<b>computation</b> while largely ignoring the <b>geometry of the space in which that computation runs</b>.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"><b>That mistake is enormous.</b></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 30pt; margin: 21pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 21pt; color: rgb(107, 107, 107);">Because computation never happens in a vacuum. Every update, every inference step, every learned pattern is moving through some space. And if that
space is treated as flat when it is not, then more computation does not solve the problem. It only lets the system move faster inside the wrong world.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 31.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"><b>That is exactly what the drones exposed in the most brutal possible way.</b>They were not failing because computation had stopped. On the contrary,
computation was still running beautifully inside the machine right up to the edge of disaster.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The failure was that all this internal calculation was unfolding in an architecture too flat to grasp the real geometry of the battlefield: hills treated
as minor variation, winter treated as cosmetic noise, spoofed signals handled as trustworthy references, moving targets taken as if they were still standing still. The drone is the perfect real-world autopsy of the computation-alone mindset: immense processing
power, and still blind to the shape of the world it was moving through.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">A better metric helps because it is the first place where that neglected geometry becomes impossible to ignore. But by this point, you can probably
already feel the problem: necessary, yes.. sufficient, no.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">Because the real world does not just demand more computation or a better ruler. It demands an architecture that mirrors the space it lives in.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">At the fast layer, the system needs a
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/*karl/The*20free-energy*20principle*20A*20unified*20brain*20theory.pdf__;fiUlJSUlJQ!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGHnlWnoz$" id="OWA9fec3fe1-bfb6-1103-8224-e4af809e9e38" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><b><u>Bayesian
graph of beliefs</u></b><u> </u></a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">to update what it thinks in real time.<br>
At the middle layer, it needs the <b>Fisher geometry</b> to measure learning by behavioral consequence, not just coordinate motion.<br>
And above both, it needs a </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(149, 79, 114);"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2021.667963/full__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UIm9YoLg-cQEpy3rQN9lVorVCXlJm7cqvSsv4rGhldTyqb0mASHSuMjSl7KMZpfmaa012Tv_lZRlPCttjfWHGF0pSFQf$" id="OWAc372d624-1824-23d8-387c-f6161a253c1b" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><b><u>global
topological scaffold</u></b></a></span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);"> to track loops, context shifts, and regime changes that flat AI keeps mistaking for more of the same.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; line-height: 24pt; margin: 25.7pt 0px 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 15pt; color: rgb(36, 36, 36);">The figure below is half artistic, half scientific, but the idea is real: not just more computation, not just a patched metric, but a multilayered AI
built on the geometry that computation was always supposed to respect. More on that in the stories to come.</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;">Press enter or click to view image in full size</span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: Roboto;"><img alt="THE MULTILAYERED AI STACK This is what an AI architecture looks like when the mathematics is finally allowed onto the page: a toroidal-solenoidal scaffold for slow regime shifts, a Fisher-geometric middle layer for behavior-aware local learning, and a Bayesian graph of beliefs for real-time posterior updating, all coupled across different clocks in a closed loop." width="424" height="714" style="width: 424px; height: 714px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="direction: ltr; margin: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue";"><b>THE MULTILAYERED AI STACK</b></span><span style="font-family: Roboto;"><br>
This is what an AI architecture looks like when the mathematics is finally allowed onto the page: a toroidal-solenoidal scaffold for slow regime shifts, a Fisher-geometric middle layer for behavior-aware local learning, and a Bayesian graph of beliefs for real-time
posterior updating, all coupled across different clocks in a closed loop.</span></p>
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<div style="direction: ltr;">On Fri, Apr 24, 2026 at 6:03 PM <<a href="mailto:joe.brenner@bluewin.ch" id="OWA61576eeb-38fa-8384-0e77-8b623a378a3a" class="OWAAutoLink">joe.brenner@bluewin.ch</a>> wrote:<br>
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Dear Steve and Pedro and All,</div>
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Although there is nothing in Steve's note with which I fundamentally disagree, I find it "wildly" unrealistic in tone. To say only that our institutions "are under strain", or that people in the Middle East or the United States currently benefit from "democratic
accountability" is refuted by every morning's news. </div>
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"Social arrangements" do not allow anything; the question is what <i>people </i>control AI and with what objectives. As Pedro's references show, most of the ways in which AI has been used have been anti-social, especially in areas impacting education, entertainment
and elections. It is sad (for me, as an American Democrat) to read that <i>Democrats
</i>have been forced into gerrymandering (artificially rearranging districts to further one's party) to try to recapture the House in September's elections. </div>
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So far, AI seems to have done - no, people have used AI to do - what Steve says in the next-to-last paragraph, namely, intensity existing inequalities as they are promoted by the dregs of our leading capitalists. </div>
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Does this all mean that FIS needs to have or sponsor a group of militants? No, I am only expressing my ignorance of what information and social action can and should look like to counter the actions of the Vances, Musks, Kennedy, Jrs. and Netanyahus. Perhaps
Steve's own approach of Autopoetic Ecology (AE) has implications for the struggle.</div>
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Cheers,</div>
<div style="font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">
Joe </div>
<blockquote>
<div>Le 24.04.2026 15:14 CEST, Steve Watson <<a href="mailto:sw10014@cam.ac.uk" id="OWAabddad61-ab24-2751-c49a-67a9097936e1" class="OWAAutoLink">sw10014@cam.ac.uk</a>> a écrit :</div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">Dear Pedro,</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">Many thanks for sharing this.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">I agree that AI is one of the defining issues of our time, but I think the challenge is not only that the technology is powerful or fast-moving. It is that AI is
entering societies whose institutions, labour markets, educational systems, legal frameworks and public cultures are already under strain. The danger is therefore not simply “AI” as a separate force arriving from outside, but the way it becomes woven into
existing patterns of wealth, power, work, attention and decision-making.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">This is why I think we need to be careful about both panic and reassurance. Panic can make the future appear inevitable, as though societies can only wait for impact.
Reassurance can be just as dangerous, because it treats AI as another tool that can be managed through ordinary adaptation. Neither seems adequate.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">The key question, for me, is what kinds of social arrangements will allow people, institutions and communities to remain viable under these new conditions. That includes
work, of course, but also education, democratic accountability, public trust, environmental cost, and the distribution of risk. If the benefits of AI are concentrated while the disruptions are passed on to workers, students, local communities and fragile public
institutions, then the issue becomes not innovation but legitimacy.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">So perhaps the task is not to predict whether AI will “destroy work” or “transform work” in any simple sense. It is to ask what forms of work, learning, care, judgement
and participation we want to preserve, and what institutional changes are needed so that AI does not simply intensify existing inequalities. The future will not be decided by the technology alone. It will be shaped by the choices, silences, incentives and
exclusions that surround its adoption.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">In that sense, I agree with the urgency of the warning. But I would frame the issue less as the arrival of a brave new world, and more as a test of whether our societies
can still revise themselves before the costs of their current arrangements become impossible to displace.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">With best wishes,</span></p>
<p style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">
<span style="font-family: Aptos, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: black;">Steve</span></p>
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<b>From: </b>Fis <<a href="mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es" id="OWA1adcc5b9-b3bc-ec5f-cd05-f93a83b91095" class="OWAAutoLink">fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es</a>> on behalf of Pedro C. Marijuán <<a href="mailto:pedroc.marijuan@gmail.com" id="OWA71683048-e3a4-a6ad-927b-5bd4c1b46505" class="OWAAutoLink">pedroc.marijuan@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Date: </b>Wednesday, 22 April 2026 at 21:51<br>
<b>To: </b>'fis' <<a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" id="OWA9774ba66-4934-5a18-803d-f315b0a48035" class="OWAAutoLink">fis@listas.unizar.es</a>><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Fis] AI is going to be wildly more devastating than any recent technology [ ??? ]<br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
<p style="margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">Dear List,</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;">We have barely talked on the big topic of our times. I am just resending some brief sentences that indeed depict a Brave, Brave New World (courtesy from Malcolm Dean).</p>
<div>Best regards to all,</div>
<div>--Pedro</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"> </div>
<div>-------- Mensaje reenviado -------</div>
<div><i>AI is something which is going to be wildly more devastating than any of the consequences of the mismanaged technologies of the last 15 years. and</i></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><i>the consequences will crash land on societies all over the world. We are not prepared for these things at all economically, society, geopolitically, environmentally.</i></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"> </div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://dexhuntertorricke.com/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka45AxZ-u3$" id="OWAd261cfb5-4815-c0e5-0e2d-e296ba53aa35" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable">https://dexhuntertorricke.com/</a></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><b>Dex Hunter-Torricke</b></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"> </div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.centerfortomorrow.com/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka4353-Sqh$" id="OWAe93adcb2-51f9-63c8-94fa-a1c27289c4f1" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable">https://www.centerfortomorrow.com/</a></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><b>Center for Tomorrow</b></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">THE NEXT DECADE IS THE MOST CONSEQUENTIAL MOMENT IN HISTORY<br>
WE ARE NOT PREPARED</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"> </div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkPkzhsx_fI__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka48G-Zl93$" id="OWAf3037d57-df05-d4ee-7782-77d1b28403a5" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkPkzhsx_fI</a></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">Trevor Noah, 19 April 2026 (excerpt) [ 5:52 ]<br>
<b>The End of Work: Why your kids won't have careers in 15 years<br>
</b><br>
Forget simple automation. <b>Dex Hunter-Torrick</b> warns of a near-future where AI doesn't just change jobs, it destroys the prospect of a dignified life for millions. While 12 billionaires hoard more wealth than half the planet, the rest of society is heading
toward a "crash landing." We have a narrow window to fix this.</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"> </div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">--</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka49EOR_lG$" id="OWA6aef1c21-2cd7-e107-f4bd-c81a4f6952ce" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM</a></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">Trevor Noah, 9 April 2026 [ 1:13:39 ]</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><b>Dex Hunter-Torricke: Translating the Titans of Tech</b></div>
<div style="direction: ltr; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color: black;"> </div>
<div style="direction: ltr; font-family: arial, sans-serif; color: black;">In this episode, Trevor sits down with author and strategist
<b>Dex Hunter-Torricke</b>, who has spent years behind the scenes with some of the most powerful people in tech, including Mark Zuckerberg, Elon Musk and Eric Schmidt, and has seen influence move from institutions into the hands of a few companies and the people
running them. Together, they explore what that shift feels like from the inside, how much power is concentrated at the top, accountability and the lack of it, and what it means when the people shaping the future are also writing the rules as they go.</div>
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<div style="line-height: 20px;"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka49EOR_lG$" id="OWA1a833339-310d-8d07-550c-c413859dbece" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">00:00:00</a> -
The Trial That Changed Everything <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=58s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka49NhHxXb$" id="OWA94b28525-d9d2-9a07-b7b3-67df0c9cb3bf" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:00:58</a> - The Name With a Secret Origin <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=132s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka45PmY-pp$" id="OWA71bc32bc-a2b4-0455-cf61-5dc08a847146" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:02:12</a> - Tech Giants and the Dutch East India Company <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=269s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka45HlzJJA$" id="OWA3b695a8b-8c42-37e8-0b78-c0432d23202c" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:04:29</a> - Growing Up the Only Brown Kid in Town <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=457s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka4yp468Rp$" id="OWAf16e7e2f-ecf7-b151-00c4-a3084d0a2799" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:07:37</a> - Why the UN Doesn't Actually Work <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=673s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka46ua6ScF$" id="OWA7a2eff14-20a8-e356-bb88-5ff13b589c00" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:11:13</a> - Why He Studied Russia Before It Was Cool <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=773s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka40BhT6Rx$" id="OWAdbb71eb8-1167-405b-fb34-6cbc01b260d2" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:12:53</a> - Was Russia Always the Villain <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=1173s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka4xBpwB6V$" id="OWAe6a986b8-cf2c-6e76-bd89-e63f84620a84" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:19:33</a> - Tech in 2010 Was Still Kind of Punk <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=1403s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka468Rv2Es$" id="OWA2b0df9b4-df0e-8f9c-2098-e8d1cd745d77" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:23:23</a> - Wait You're In That Book <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=1954s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka49Uxe6I7$" id="OWA9f4062a0-1f75-bc6a-02d5-77a46f427a70" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:32:34</a> - The Refugee Photo That Changed Everything <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=2408s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka4wCnQUA8$" id="OWAb5a626a2-26c9-8961-c050-a993da57117c" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:40:08</a> - The Algorithm Is a Choice <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=2515s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka43gtBgwZ$" id="OWAf486c0a1-4776-1bb9-2ec4-c411842ac5ca" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:41:55</a> - They Weren't Evil Just Apathetic and That's Worse <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=2956s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka4wmmRrCN$" id="OWA69f8ea97-9ca3-6d21-f81e-3fa8dbac9f1d" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:49:16</a> - Then He Went to Work for Elon <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=3527s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka40OOW6uK$" id="OWAb4a16554-6268-41d8-20d6-9c2138f3329a" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:58:47</a> - From Space Dreams to War Machines <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8ic4siIeiM&t=3550s__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!XyTKCk-xExTEWgtfvmGsmJZr8nvJ1UJx8Vq9yCjU0aeKgfgrKX0Q3Rz83RRlrq9_U_MUMGImudHXBPb8ZAka4yqhO4xY$" id="OWAd6dd018e-b9ea-88eb-9f2e-6cf46372ced1" class="OWAAutoLink" data-auth="NotApplicable" style="display: inline;">
00:59:10</a> - <b>The AI Reckoning Nobody Is Ready For</b></div>
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