<div dir="ltr"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-family:Arial,"sans-serif";font-size:12pt">Dear Lou,</span><br></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">I completely agree that knowledge of Maturana's original texts would be
useful for understanding his theory.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Here I add three more links for the convenience of those who would like
to read the originals for free.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Maturana Humberto, Varela Francisco. DE MAQUINAS Y SERES VIVOS (OF
MACHINES AND LIVING BEINGS)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://dn790000.ca.archive.org/0/items/pdfy-RbsXcHuXT9DDYiif/Maturana*20maquinas-y-seres-vivos.pdf__;JQ!!D9dNQwwGXtA!R42tP8lKSZxjujXrbVcbA35JBoDLyliM8yPL9bn1uE0ADc4fWruGgjvAldndTmuMhVpmCQSckkw1tVxDh8A$" style="color:blue"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:windowtext">https://dn790000.ca.archive.org/0/items/pdfy-RbsXcHuXT9DDYiif/Maturana%20maquinas-y-seres-vivos.pdf</span></a></span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Maturana Humberto, Varela Francisco. Autopoiesis and Congition. The
Realization of the Living.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://monoskop.org/images/3/35/Maturana_Humberto_Varela_Francisco_Autopoiesis_and_Congition_The_Realization_of_the_Living.pdf__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!R42tP8lKSZxjujXrbVcbA35JBoDLyliM8yPL9bn1uE0ADc4fWruGgjvAldndTmuMhVpmCQSckkw1TeaGX28$" style="color:blue"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:windowtext">https://monoskop.org/images/3/35/Maturana_Humberto_Varela_Francisco_Autopoiesis_and_Congition_The_Realization_of_the_Living.pdf</span></a></span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Humberto
R. Maturana</span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">. </span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">The
Organization of the Living: A Theory of the Living Organization</span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://biologyofcognition.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/maturana1975organizationlivingtheorylivingorganization.pdf__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!R42tP8lKSZxjujXrbVcbA35JBoDLyliM8yPL9bn1uE0ADc4fWruGgjvAldndTmuMhVpmCQSckkw1z5GXP6c$" style="color:blue"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:windowtext">https://biologyofcognition.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/maturana1975organizationlivingtheorylivingorganization.pdf</span></a></span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">In addition, I have prepared a text that will give an idea about the
situation in the scientific world in which Maturana worked (</span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">the mid-20th century</span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">), and the
probable exchange of ideas. We know that usually in scientific circles at a
certain period one or another paradigm dominates, which influences, sometimes
at a subconscious level, the emergence of new ideas and theories.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Perhaps this text, which is planned to be published as an article in
early 2026, will also be useful in clarifying the reasoning regarding the
closure of autopoietic systems. In connection with the current discussion, this
text is currently available as a preprint at the link:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Krassimir
Markov</span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">.</span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> The Convergence </span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">o</span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">f Computational </span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">a</span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">nd Biological Self-Organization: Wirth's
Algol Contributions </span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">a</span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">nd Maturana's Autopoiesis </span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.foibg.com/ijita/preprints/IJITA-33-01-pp01.pdf__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!R42tP8lKSZxjujXrbVcbA35JBoDLyliM8yPL9bn1uE0ADc4fWruGgjvAldndTmuMhVpmCQSckkw17zhqCds$" style="color:blue"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:windowtext">http://www.foibg.com/ijita/preprints/IJITA-33-01-pp01.pdf</span></a></span><span lang="BG" style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Dear Howard,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Thanks for the kind words. Yes, that's exactly what I've been doing for
over 50 years. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Let me thank Eric for the kind words about mathematics. Without formal
modeling, we would spend a lot of energy and time trying to make sense of
sometimes very simple things. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">But, I'm also shocked that a bad formalism can stifle scientific
thinking for decades.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">This is the case with "information". For decades, scientists
have been calculating logarithms to get a quantitative assessment of
information. The reason is simple - they are used to avoid division by zero.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">But in General Information Theory, the concept of "information
expectation" was introduced, which in Shannon's case is the number of
questions to which a "yes/no" answer is expected. This number is
precisely the "n", which is used for division, and if there are no
questions, we will have to divide by zero.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">But if there are no questions, there is no information expectation, and
there is no information whose quantity to calculate. That is, the absence of
questions is unacceptable, which makes logarithms redundant.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Moreover, information expectation allows us to obtain a numerical
expression not only of the known quantities of information and entropy, but
also of the quality of information and its adequacy in terms of information
expectation. All these measures are united by the general term "Mental Information
Measure (MIM)".</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">In 2026, 30 years will pass since the first publication of MIM. In this
regard, my lectures and reports next year will be devoted to MIM.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">With respect,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif"">Krassimir</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Arial,"sans-serif""> </span></p></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br><table style="border-top:1px solid #d3d4de"><tr><td style="width:55px;padding-top:13px"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=webmail__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!R42tP8lKSZxjujXrbVcbA35JBoDLyliM8yPL9bn1uE0ADc4fWruGgjvAldndTmuMhVpmCQSckkw1Nx_AApo$" target="_blank"><img src="https://s-install.avcdn.net/ipm/preview/icons/icon-envelope-tick-round-orange-animated-no-repeat-v1.gif" alt="" width="46" height="29" style="width: 46px; height: 29px;"></a></td><td style="width:470px;padding-top:12px;color:#41424e;font-size:13px;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;line-height:18px">Virus-free.<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=webmail__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!R42tP8lKSZxjujXrbVcbA35JBoDLyliM8yPL9bn1uE0ADc4fWruGgjvAldndTmuMhVpmCQSckkw1Nx_AApo$" target="_blank" style="color:#4453ea">www.avast.com</a></td></tr></table><a href="#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2" width="1" height="1"></a></div>