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    <p>Dear Lou and All, //failed to fis because of message size so
      sending it to FIS alone<br>
    </p>
    <p>The replication and biology of form is also influenced the
      geometry of the cell, in particular its chirality. Thus the
      growing embryo is a complex interaction between the two parental
      genomes, their interpretation by the cell, cell and multicellular
      physics, cell signaling and the chirality of the cell. <br>
    </p>
    <p>See for example:  <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.3289__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!SQqzCRSo2Z_EUFA3NXfjwOydbgsFMYrESlCYu0O3dZZFpc54gnclyYoJESWT31k0kgn9JHr2jtMpR9PUC_ATNW0$" moz-do-not-send="true">https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.3289</a>
      for how bilateral symmetry develops </p>
    <p>and <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5439__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!SQqzCRSo2Z_EUFA3NXfjwOydbgsFMYrESlCYu0O3dZZFpc54gnclyYoJESWT31k0kgn9JHr2jtMpR9PUjRiFR0M$" moz-do-not-send="true">https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5439</a>
      for how parental genomes interact in development. <br>
    </p>
    <p>Best,</p>
    <p>Eric <br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 1/17/25 7:54 AM, Louis H Kauffman
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:C9C9ABAD-DFD3-4BA7-959F-ACD8CEE087B9@gmail.com">
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                      <div class="">We shall next meet: </div>
                      <div class=""> </div>
                      <div class="">
                        <div class="">
                          <div class=""> Friday, January 17, 2024 at
                            noon CDT Chicago time: </div>
                          <div class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div class="">We’ll continue the discussion.</div>
                          <div class="">Along with the points of view as
                            outlined below there were many contributions
                            from participants.</div>
                          <div class="">Some of these points are:</div>
                          <div class="">1. LK talked about the meaning
                            of “=“ in terms of “Identity” A = B. </div>
                          <div class="">Jerry Swatez pointed out that </div>
                          <div class="">A = B can be seen to mean that A
                            and B represent the same value or that there
                            is a series of steps that can be taken from
                            A to B.</div>
                          <div class="">3. Karl Javorszky began to talk
                            about natural numbers in his original way.</div>
                          <div class="">4. Many other threads of
                            discussion appeared, including a number of
                            thoughts related to Rudolf Steiner.</div>
                          <div class="">5. I shall discuss further the
                            role of topology in biology and in
                            fundamental epistemology, at the meeting of
                            percept and concept.</div>
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                        <div class="">
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Biologic
                            - at the interface between biology,
                            topology, logic and cybernetics.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Louis
                            H Kauffman, UIC</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">“What
                            can be shown, cannot be said.”</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">“Was
                            gezeigt werden kann, kann nicht gesagt
                            werden.”</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">(Wittgenstein,
                            Tractatus, 4.1212)</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">“We
                            take the form of distinction for the form.”</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">(Spencer-Brown,
                            Laws of Form, Chapter 1)</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">What
                            is the form of biology?</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Is
                            there a biology of form?</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">In
                            particular, this is a study of different
                            forms and formalisms for replication. We
                            concentrate on diagrammatic formal systems
                            not only for the sake of showing how there
                            may be fundamental mathematical structure in
                            biology, but also to consider philosophical
                            and phenomenological points of view in
                            relation to natural science and mathematics.
                            The relationship with phenomenology comes
                            about in the questions that arise about the
                            nature of the observer in relation to the
                            observed that arise in philosophy, but also
                            in science in the very act of determining
                            the context and models upon which it shall
                            be based. Our original point of departure
                            was the idea of distinction and cybernetic
                            epistemology. Cybernetic epistemology has
                            much to say about the relation of the self
                            to structures that may harbor a self. What
                            is the interlacement of selves and
                            organisms?</div>
                          <p
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""> </p>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Our
                            point of view is structural. There is a
                            distinct difference between building up
                            structures in terms of principles and
                            imagining that models of the world are
                            constructed from some sort of
                            building-bricks. I want  to make this point
                            as early as possible because in mathematics
                            one naturally generates hierarchies, but
                            that does not make the mathematician a
                            reductionist. We think of geometry as the
                            consequences of certain axioms for the
                            purpose of organizing our knowledge, not to
                            insist that these axioms are in any way
                            other than logically prior to the theorems
                            of the system. Just so, we look for
                            fundamental patterns from which certain
                            complexes of phenomena and ideas can be
                            organized. This does not entail any
                            assumption about ``the world'' or how the
                            world may be built from parts. What is a
                            part that a world might be built from it?</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">We
                            examine the schema behind the reproduction
                            of DNA. The pattern of the DNA reproduction
                            is very simple. The DNA molecule consists of
                            two interwound strands, the Watson Strand
                            (W)  and the Crick Strand (C). The two
                            strands are bonded to each other via a
                            backbone of base-pairings and these bonds
                            can be broken by certain enzymes present in
                            the cell. In reproduction of DNA the bonds
                            between the two strands are broken and the
                            two strands then acquire the needed
                            complementary base molecules from the
                            cellular environment to reconstitute each a
                            separate copy of the DNA. At this level the
                            situation can be described by a symbolism
                            like this.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">DNA
                            = <W|C> ----->  <W| E |C>
                            ----->  <W|C> <W|C> = DNA
                            DNA.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Here
                            E stands for the environment of the cell.
                            The first arrow denotes the separation of
                            the DNA into the two strands. The second
                            arrow denotes the action between the bare
                            strands and the environment (the creation of
                            new base-pairings) that leads to the
                            production of the two DNA molecules.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Much
                            is left out of this schema. Indeed the DNA
                            molecule is a tight spiral winding of its
                            two interlocked strands and so the new DNA's
                            would be linked around one another if it
                            were not for the work of toposomerase
                            enzymes that manage to unlink the new DNA's
                            in time for cell division to occur.
                            Nevertheless, this is the large scale
                            description of the replication of DNA that
                            is fundamental to the division of cells and
                            to the continuance of living organisms.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">This
                            form of replication can be compared with
                            other forms. For example, John von Neumann
                            suggested a “building machine” B such that
                            when B is supplied with a “blueprint” x
                            then </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">B,
                            x —> B,x , X,x</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">This
                            means that B and the blueprint x will
                            produce X the entity whose plan is x along
                            with a copy of the blueprint x. The first
                            B,x is the persistence of the original
                            machine B.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Let
                            b be the blueprint for B itself. Then</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">B,b
                            —> B,b , B,b.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">The
                            Von Neumann Machine replicates itself. </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">In
                            the comparison, we see that The DNA contains
                            (in its strands) the blueprint for its own
                            replication.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">The
                            comparison made, what questions do you ask?
                            The mathematical roots of von Neumann’s
                            construction are very deep. What are the
                            physical/biological roots of the DNA
                            replication?</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">We
                            invite the reader to examine the form of the
                            science involved in this well-known
                            description. We speak of the DNA molecules
                            as though we could see them directly in the
                            phenomenology of our ordinary sight. Science
                            does involve the direct extension of sight
                            as the experience of looking through a
                            telescope or a light microscope. But in the
                            case of the DNA one proceeds by logical
                            consistency and the indirect but vivid
                            images via the electron microscope and the
                            patterns of gel electrophoresis. In the case
                            of electron microscope images there is every
                            reason to assume (it appears consistent to
                            assume) that the objects shown can be taken
                            to be analogous to the macroscopic objects
                            of our perception. This means that one has
                            the possibility of observing ``directly"
                            that DNA molecules can be knotted. I do not
                            say that one can observe directly the
                            coiling of the Watson and the Crick strands,
                            but the DNA can be observed as though it
                            were a long rope. This rope can be seen to
                            be coiled and knotted in electron
                            micrographs. Even this ``showing'' requires
                            a difficult technique beyond the usual
                            techniques of the electron microscope. The
                            DNA was coated with protein by the
                            experimenters so that it became a chain of
                            larger and more robust diameter. Then the
                            electron microscope revealed the patterns of
                            knotting in an apparent projection of the
                            coated DNA from three dimensional space to
                            the two dimensional space of the image.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><br>
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;"
                            class=""><br class="">
                          </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">It
                            is remarkable how consistent is the
                            hypothesis of indirect perception on which
                            the work is based. Most working biologists
                            would not question the basis of their
                            biological perceptions direct or indirect.
                            For those who are philosophically inclined
                            there is a lesson to be learned about
                            experimental phenomenology. </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">One
                            wants to know how far a world-view can be
                            extended before it disintegrates.</div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">What
                            we see in the electron micrograph is deeply
                            shaped by the complex story of biological
                            experiment that surrounds it.</div>
                          <p
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""> </p>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Along
                            with these forays into experimentation,
                            there are analogous forays into the limits
                            of logic. Here we meet the replication
                            schema again. Replication in logic is
                            intimately related to self-reference and to
                            formalisms that can lead to paradox. The
                            reasons for this are, by now, apparent. The
                            usual mathematical formalisms for set theory
                            assume that there is no temporal evolution
                            in the structures. </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Temporality
                            may look like a tragedy for the classical
                            mathematics, but it is exactly what
                            interests us when studying biology. </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class="">Mathematical
                            biology is concerned with those structures
                            leading to recursive generation of
                            structures from themselves and from their
                            environments. </div>
                          <div
style="margin: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;" class=""><br
                              class="">
                          </div>
                          <br class="">
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
      <i> Dr. Eric Werner, FLS <br>
        Oxford Advanced Research Foundation <br>
        <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://oarf.org__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!SQqzCRSo2Z_EUFA3NXfjwOydbgsFMYrESlCYu0O3dZZFpc54gnclyYoJESWT31k0kgn9JHr2jtMpR9PU1bBOXVE$" moz-do-not-send="true">https://oarf.org</a> <br>
        <br>
        <br>
      </i></div>
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