<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">The view that 'information' is a bias, an artefact of two systems merging has been advanced in many forms. THat what gets integrated while the left and the right eye pictures are merged.<div>In this sense, information is a feature of the symbol set. There is a slight dis-calibration between two versions of <b>N</b>, based on the number of sentences related to similarity and to diversity properties of the assembly. There is a fluid bazaar between (many, similar, diverse) which translates into spatial references and quantitative descriptions.</div><div>The term 'information' has been defined using numeric properties inherent among variants of a+b=c as a deviation between two extents in more than one aspects. For the extent of the information, an arbitrary definition was offered, based on differences in order caused by the reorder [ab] - [ba]. The definition is online in <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.foibg.com/ijita/vol29/ijita29-01-p02.pdf__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UsM3MeeAUYDQhRuGZ0X8yJ2NKc1aXqB-ow6dUDxaSQj6O3yRr0bA8Rbhx2oKUtONEZhuWNIqwX0pAYRq1sbzxQpVvAo$">ijita29-01-p02.pdf (foibg.com)</a> Chapter 7, page 70.</div><div><br></div><div>Information is an inbuilt feature of both the world and of the symbol set. THe inbuilt discongruence can be visualised as tolerance, which can add up, up to some limits.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">Am Do., 18. Jan. 2024 um 10:03 Uhr schrieb <a href="mailto:joe.brenner@bluewin.ch" target="_blank">joe.brenner@bluewin.ch</a> <<a href="mailto:joe.brenner@bluewin.ch" target="_blank">joe.brenner@bluewin.ch</a>>:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><font size="3">Dear Christoph,</font><div><font size="3"><br></font></div><div><font size="3">Your note deserves serious thought as an antidote to standard views that information "is some <i>thing</i> that can come" from somewhere.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br></font></div><div><font size="3">In my view, to which you point, information is meaning for others (agents)and does not exist except as and in processes of informing, knowing and forgetting.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br></font></div><div><font size="3">Otherwise, no progress has been made since Floridi enunciated x years ago that information was well-formed, meaningful data.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br></font></div><div><font size="3">Best wishes,</font></div><div><font size="3">Joseph</font></div><div><blockquote style="margin-right:0px;margin-left:15px">----Message d'origine----<br>De : <a href="mailto:Christophe.Menant@hotmail.fr" target="_blank">Christophe.Menant@hotmail.fr</a><br>Date : 17/01/2024 - 21:26 (E)<br>À : <a href="mailto:itheaiss@gmail.com" target="_blank">itheaiss@gmail.com</a><br>Cc : <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">fis@listas.unizar.es</a><br>Objet : [Fis] TR: Where does the information come from?<br><br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.5pt">Dear Krassimir,<br> You may remember your 2017 paper “data versus information” where you presented part of our FIS discussions that took place at that time (<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.academia.edu/85206414/Data_Versus_Information__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!VC98gCslQ55sT6EUtr2_NiwYFGpKdx9aGS9XoYmtP3LAmFJcp1knXOdfazyS6T0HtKmPI83qDmR3Lop2A7vuRSCmM4q01zIG$" target="_blank">https://www.academia.ed u/85206414/Data_Versus_Information</a>). <br> Don’t you think that some points of the paper could be part of an answer to the question “where does information come from”?<br> Another way to introduce that subject could be to recall that information exists by the meaning it has for agents that manage it (create it or use it). Would you let us know how you position your today answer to the question relatively to the 2017 paper? <br> (on my side I’m still with <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://philpapers.org/rec/MENITA-7__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!VC98gCslQ55sT6EUtr2_NiwYFGpKdx9aGS9XoYmtP3LAmFJcp1knXOdfazyS6T0HtKmPI83qDmR3Lop2A7vuRSCmMy43dmrd$" target="_blank">https://philpapers.org/rec/MENITA-7</a>)<br> All the best <br> Christophe</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11pt">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">De :</span></b><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"> Fis <<a style="text-decoration:underline;color:blue">fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es</a>> <b>De la part de</b> Krassimir Markov<br><b>Envoyé :</b> mercredi 17 janvier 2024 17:43<br><b>À :</b><a style="text-decoration:underline;color:blue">fis@listas.unizar.es</a><br><b>Objet :</b> [Fis] Where does the information come from?
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Dear Stu and colleagues,</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt"><br><b>Where does the information come from?</b></span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">This has been a central question of philosophy for centuries.</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">And for centuries there have been two clear, radically different answers:</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">1. From the Creator, that is, from God or it is God himself !</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">2. Information is a type of subjective reflection that is recognized by the subject what it reflects. </span>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">I.e. information is a class of subjective reflections that the subject eventually uses to create mental models.<br><br> The first answer is unconstructive. It leads to passivity in the study of informational phenomena. </span>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Note that apart from vague definitions of what information is, nothing else is offered - neither useful theories, nor practical implications.<br><br> While the second answer gives wide scope for research and development. </span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">There are currently a number of information theories, two of which are General.</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Thanks to the fact that after our conversation in Tbilisi, Mark agreed that information is an impact that is recognized by the "infological system" and causes a change in it, he came to a serious result in the form of a "General Theory of Information".</span>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt">The other, the earlier "General Information Theory", completely steps on the primary concept of "reflection" and builds a neat system, which for years has been used in the training of computer scientists and the realization of new computational approaches, which come close in terms of possibilities to some characteristics of life consciousness.<br><br> With respect,<br> Krassimir</span>
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