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<p>Dear Yixin,</p>
<p>Thank you for you comments! <br>
</p>
<p>To your point (2): The essence of general intelligence is the
ability to not only solve an externally given problem, but to be
creative and find and define problems. For example, given a
knowledge of mathematics and physics and data to generate new
mathematics and new insights into the nature of the world. <br>
</p>
<p>To your point (3): Biotechnology and AI are somewhat independent
fields. AI can help genome research and decoding genomes. But once
genomes are decoded that information can be used to construct more
general AI models. When I say "architecture" I meant the
architecture of the human brain encoded in the human genome. This
architectural information can be used to guide the structuring of
AI models be be more potent and more human like. And, AI may well
help in the process of structuring its future version. That is
what I meant by selfreferencing. <br>
</p>
<p>To the more general point, formalization of social information
can help guide the improvement of AI models to be more social and
have greater abilities in a AI-robot social setting. <br>
</p>
<p>All the best,</p>
<p>Eric <br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 10/18/23 9:16 AM, 钟义信 wrote:<br>
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<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:tencent_6D37827B29E1FA85422BBF23@qq.com">
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<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dear Eric,</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Thank you for the
interesting talk on "Paradigm AI" from which I learned a lot. </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As a discussant, may I
propose some of my understanding. Comments are welcome. </font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(1) I appreciate your
idea that saying "Physics paradigm PPD does not fit well with
AI paradigm" and "Information paradigm PID is a better fit".
This is the valuable common basis, between you and me,
concerning the PPD, PID and AI.</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(2) How to define the
concept of intelligence? This is a very difficult problem. To
my own understanding, the following short statement may serve
as one of the candidates: <u>Intelligence is the ability to
solve problem but not the ability to find and define
problem, the latter of which is one of the abilities for
wisdom.</u></font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><u><br>
</u></font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(3) The paradigm for AI
can be used as the paradigm for bio-technology with certain
simplification and specialization. This judgement is not based
on their "structure/architecture", but based on their
"information function" - which is the basic function in both
AI and biotechnology, that is to seek opportunity for "living
(or solving problem)" and to avoid the "danger (or failing to
problem solving)".</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Once again, comments
and criticisms are most welcome.</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br>
</font></div>
<div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Best regards,</font></div>
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<h4 class="name"
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Yixin ZHONG</h4>
<div>AI School, BUPT</div>
<div>Beijing 100876, China</div>
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<div id="menu_sender"><b>From: </b> "Eric Werner"<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:eric.werner@oarf.org"><eric.werner@oarf.org></a>;</div>
<div><b>Date: </b> Tue, Oct 17, 2023 02:32 AM</div>
<div><b>To: </b> "fis"<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es"><fis@listas.unizar.es></a>; <wbr></div>
<div><b>Subject: </b> [Fis] Paradigm AI</div>
</div>
<div> </div>
<div style="position:relative;">
<p>Here are some brief thoughts on Paradigms and AI by I
presume was written by Yixin Zhong since I cannot read
Chinese. <br>
</p>
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<h1>Paradigm AI</h1>
</div>
<ul>
<li>I agree that the physics paradigm PPD doesn’t fit
well with the AI paradigm, and that the information
paradigm PID is a better fit</li>
<li>Artificial intelligence systems, don’t necessarily
learn from human beings. In unsupervised learning
they learn from data and not from humans.</li>
<li>The problem, and becomes really how to define what
intelligence is: Which of the following is it?<br>
</li>
<ul>
<li>Rational inference</li>
<li>Summarizing large amounts of text and data</li>
<li>Making new predictions based on scientific
theories and available data</li>
<li>Developing new theories that explain the data in
the more succinct way, and making new predictions</li>
<li>Developing new technologies independently of
human input</li>
<li>Planning and executing the actions and
intentions of a robot</li>
<li>Having social intelligence</li>
<li>Being cooperative with a human being in
achieving a task </li>
<li>Interrelating two discipline, such as physics
and mathematics, to make new discoveries</li>
<li>Understanding, genomes in the way that human
beings cannot</li>
<li>Designing new organisms by designing their
genomes</li>
</ul>
<li>I agree with the language of a new paradigm, such
as artificial intelligence will develop slowly step
by step in conjunction with its use -both
conceptually and experimentally .</li>
<li>In a new paradigm entire new language is created
as a paradigm is developed</li>
<li>The language evolves in concert with a new
ontology suggested by the paradigm</li>
<ul>
<li>It is an ontology of objects, technologies,
actions, and strategies</li>
</ul>
<li>What will be particularly interesting, is the <b><font
size="5">linking of the paradigm of artificial
intelligence with the paradigm of biotechnology</font></b></li>
<ul>
<li>Biotechnology and AI will truly link the human
brain with the artificial brain</li>
<li>The genome of the natural brain will be
reflected in the architecture of the artificial
brain</li>
<li>Hence by using AI to decode the genome of the
natural brain, it will be self-reflected in the
design of the developing artificial brain </li>
<li>This will bring unprecedented social and
rational functionality to the artificial brain </li>
<li>Note that the biotech-genome paradigm also is
founded on the information paradigm.<br>
</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Thank you Yixin Zhong for your input and emphasizing
the intimate relationship of information and AI
paradigms. <br>
</p>
<p>Best wishes,</p>
<p>Eric <br>
</p>
<div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
<i> Dr. Eric Werner <br>
Oxford Advanced Research Foundation <br>
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Oxford Advanced Research Foundation <br>
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