<div dir="ltr"><blockquote type="cite"><p style="line-height:normal;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;vertical-align:baseline">> Information is anything that can be distinguished in any way</p><p style="line-height:normal;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;vertical-align:baseline">Is there anything that exists that cannot be distinguished in any way?</p><p style="line-height:normal;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;vertical-align:baseline">If not, what is the discriminatory power of this definition?</p></blockquote></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, 24 Jan 2023 at 14:00, Mariusz Stanowski <<a href="mailto:stanowskimariusz@wp.pl">stanowskimariusz@wp.pl</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
  
    
  
  <div>
    <p><br>
    </p>
    <div>
      <p>Hello,</p>
      <p></p>
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span>I would like to take the opportunity to share a
            definition of information that is general enough to
            reconcile existing definitions and understandings of
            information, including ontological and epistemological
            information. I would appreciate Your questions and comments.</span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span> </span><b>I<span>nformation is
              anything that can be distinguish in any way</span></b><span> (both in and out of the mind and also in a
            mind-dependent and mind-independent way).
          </span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span> Examples of information:</span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span>Information as a feature - size (e.g. of a
            tree)</span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span>Information as form - shape (e.g. of a stone)</span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span>Information as an object - a stone </span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span>Information as an abstract concept - e.g.
            whiteness</span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span>Information as structure - e.g. any
            distinguishable regularity in a binary structure</span></p>
        <p style="line-height:normal;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
          <span> Any information interacts, so it must have
            energy. E.g. a binary structure must have ones-impulses of
            energy and their absence - zeros.</span><span style="font-size:18pt;color:black">
          </span><span style="color:black">Structures </span><span>in our mind are also equipped with energy.</span></p>
        <br>
      </blockquote>
      Best regards
      <p></p>
      <p>Mariusz Stanowski</p>
      <p><br>
      </p>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>W dniu 24.01.2023 o 10:59,
      <a href="mailto:joe.brenner@bluewin.ch" target="_blank">joe.brenner@bluewin.ch</a> pisze:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      
      Dear All, 
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>The last two messages, taken together, make a lot of sense:
        Howard's definition has the merit of simplicity, and
        Konstantin's necessary extension introduces the question of
        quality.</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>The only way I have found to answer it is to relax several
        abusive absolute dichotomies, in particular, that between 1)
        subjective and objective and 2) of their total separation.</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>In any specific case, I assume that the terms differ in
        degree of actuality and potentiality, not only, say, 
        information and noise, relevancy and non-relevancy and similar
        pairs.</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>This approach excludes, however, talking about information at
        the level of quarks and their "associations" since nothing is
        added to the basic physics. </div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>Thank you and best wishes,</div>
      <div>Joseph<br>
        <blockquote style="margin-right:0px;margin-left:15px">----Original
          Message----<br>
          From : <a href="mailto:lidinkl@hotmail.com" target="_blank">lidinkl@hotmail.com</a><br>
          Date : 24/01/2023 - 08:33 (E)<br>
          To : <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">fis@listas.unizar.es</a>, <a href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net" target="_blank">loet@leydesdorff.net</a>,
          <a href="mailto:howlbloom@aol.com" target="_blank">howlbloom@aol.com</a><br>
          Subject : Re: [Fis] definitions of information by Theil (1972)
          derived from Shnnon (1948); back to the basics?<br>
          <br>
          
          <div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> Thank you, Howard.
            <div> Your definition of information
              practically coincides with Shannon's definition, only
              elementary (sub-elementary) particles act as inductors and
              recipients. </div>
            <div> In the next step, however, this
              approach leads us to the notion of information quality. A
              message can contain both a signal (relevant information)
              and noise. But the notion of relevance of information is
              subjective. Relevance is compliance with the goals that
              the inductor-recipient pair sets when exchanging
              information. </div>
            <div> Do you think quarks and protons
              have goals and free will? </div>
            This is a very important question, because in most areas,
            except for the Shannon theory of communication, the quality
            of information is ignored. The subjectivity of this
            parameter looks too shocking to include it in a decent
            academic model (about the same way the Heisenberg
            uncertainty principle is still perceived) <br>
          </div>
          <hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%">
          <div id="m_5096662293952895996divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"> <font style="font-size:11pt" face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000"><b>From:</b>
              Howard Bloom <a href="mailto:howlbloom@aol.com" target="_blank"><howlbloom@aol.com></a><br>
              <b>Sent:</b> 24 January 2023 08:21<br>
              <b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lidinkl@hotmail.com" target="_blank">lidinkl@hotmail.com</a>
              <a href="mailto:lidinkl@hotmail.com" target="_blank"><lidinkl@hotmail.com></a>; <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">fis@listas.unizar.es</a>
              <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank"><fis@listas.unizar.es></a>; <a href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net" target="_blank">loet@leydesdorff.net</a>
              <a href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net" target="_blank"><loet@leydesdorff.net></a><br>
              <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Fis] definitions of information by
              Theil (1972) derived from Shnnon (1948); back to the
              basics?</font>
            <div>   </div>
          </div>
          <div>
            <div style="color:black;font:14pt Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"> the definition of information in
              my book The God Problem: How a Godless Cosmos Creates:
              <div> <br>
              </div>
              <blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 40px;border:none;padding:0px">
                <div> information is anything a sender emits that a
                  receiver can interpret. </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div> <br>
              </div>
              <div> the first information appears when the first quarks
                emerge in the first 10-34 of a second of the big bang. 
                quarks read each other's social signals of attraction or
                repulsion and acted on them to gang up in groups of two
                or three, thus forming protons and neutrons, which also
                gave off social signals and agglomerated in
                proton-neutron teams. </div>
              <div> <br>
              </div>
              <div> <span style="font-size:18.6667px">with warmth and
                  oomph--howard</span> <br>
                <br>
                <br>
                <div> <font style="color:black;font-family:arial,helvetica;font-size:10pt" size="2">-----Original
                    Message-----<br>
                    From: konstantin lidin <a href="mailto:lidinkl@hotmail.com" target="_blank"><lidinkl@hotmail.com></a><br>
                    To: <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">fis@listas.unizar.es</a>
                    <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank"><fis@listas.unizar.es></a>; Loet Leydesdorff
                    <a href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net" target="_blank"><loet@leydesdorff.net></a><br>
                    Sent: Mon, Jan 23, 2023 1:31 pm<br>
                    Subject: Re: [Fis] definitions of information by
                    Theil (1972) derived from Shnnon (1948); back to the
                    basics?<br>
                    <br>
                    <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498">
                      
                      <div dir="ltr">
                        <div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> Unfortunately, Shannon's
                          definition can only be used in a very narrow
                          class of cases. When we consider any process
                          other than the transmission of a message from
                          the inductor to the recipient, this definition
                          does not work.
                          <div>
                            The most authoritative researchers of the
                            philosophy of information admit that there
                            is still no general definition. The concepts
                            of information in different spheres differ
                            significantly and cannot be combined into
                            something commonly used </div>
                          Baumgaertner, B., Floridi, L. Introduction:
                          The Philosophy of Information. <i> Topoi</i>
                          <b>35</b>,
                          157–159 (2016). <a rel="nofollow noopener
                            noreferrer" shape="rect" id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498LPlnk776559" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-016-9370-7__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!SXg13tbkdIexlHicpgmmFoFwIcpgeHl3c2rgtD9HsQHuKRQodSQhjWMYAL-3r-YyBOXRc3vMzQUkPXSVFHs$" target="_blank">
                            https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-016-9370-7</a>
                          <br clear="none">
                        </div>
                        <hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%">
                        <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498yqt31644">
                          <div dir="ltr" id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498divRplyFwdMsg"> <font style="font-size:11pt" face="Calibri,
                              sans-serif" color="#000000"><b>From:</b>
                              Fis <a href="mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank"><fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es></a>
                              on behalf of Loet Leydesdorff
                              <a href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net" target="_blank"><loet@leydesdorff.net></a><br clear="none">
                              <b>Sent:</b> 23 January 2023 23:29<br clear="none">
                              <b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">fis@listas.unizar.es</a>
                              <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank"><fis@listas.unizar.es></a><br clear="none">
                              <b>Subject:</b> [Fis] definitions of
                              information by Theil (1972) derived from
                              Shnnon (1948); back to the basics?</font>
                            <div>   </div>
                          </div>
                          
                          
                          
                          <div>
                            <div> Theil (1972) pp. 1 and 2: </div>
                            <div>
                              <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498x_xffee1d4888fa460cb226666f8b0a0764" style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">
                                <div style="margin-top:14.65pt;line-height:14.4pt;vertical-align:baseline"> <b><i><span style="font-size:9.5pt;letter-spacing:0.45pt">1.1.
                                      </span></i></b> <b><i><span style="font-size:9.5pt;letter-spacing:0.45pt">Information</span></i></b>
                                </div>
                                <div style="margin-top:9.2pt;margin-right:0.05in;text-align:justify;text-indent:0.1in;line-height:12.1pt;vertical-align:baseline"> <span style="font-size:10.5pt">Consider
                                    an event <i>E </i>with probability
                                    <i>p; </i> the nature of the event
                                    is irrele­vant. At some point in
                                    time we receive a reliable message
                                    stating that <i>E </i>in fact
                                    occurred. The question is: How
                                    should one measure the amount of
                                    information conveyed by this
                                    message?</span> </div>
                                <div style="margin-top:7.3pt;line-height:11.65pt;vertical-align:baseline"> <i><span style="font-size:10.5pt;letter-spacing:-0.35pt">Information</span></i>
                                </div>
                                <div style="margin-top:6.45pt;margin-right:0.05in;text-indent:0.1in;line-height:12.85pt;vertical-align:baseline"> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;letter-spacing:-0.1pt">Since
                                    the question is vague, we shall try
                                    to answer it in an intuitive manner.
                                    Suppose that <i>p </i>is close to
                                    1 (e.g., <i>p = </i>.95). Then,
                                    one may argue, the message conveys
                                    very little information, because it
                                    was virtually certain that <i>E w</i>ould
                                    take place. But suppose that <i>p =
                                      .01, </i>so that it is almost
                                    certain <i>E </i>will not occur.
                                    If <i>E </i>nevertheless does
                                    occur, the message stating this will
                                    be unexpected and hence contains a
                                    great deal of information.</span> </div>
                              </div>
                              <div> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"New serif""><br clear="none">
                                </span> </div>
                              <div> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"New serif"">These
                                  intuitive ideas suggest that, if we
                                  want to measure the information
                                  derived from a message in terms of the
                                  probability </span> <i style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"New serif"">p </i> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"New serif"">that prevailed before or
                                  to the arrival of the message, we
                                  should select a </span> <i style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"New serif"">decreasing </i> <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"New serif"">function. The function
                                  proposed by SHANNON (1948) is </span>
                                <span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">when the probability prior to
                                  the message is zero) to 0 (zero
                                  information when the probability is
                                  one).</span> </div>
                              <div> <span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt"><br clear="none">
                                </span> </div>
                              <div> <span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">The unit of
                                  information is determined by the base
                                  of the logarithm. Frequently 2 is used
                                  as a base, which implies that any
                                  message concerning a 50-50 event has
                                  unit information: h() = log</span> <span style="font-family:New;font-size:7pt"><sub>2</sub></span> <span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">2 = 1, and information is
                                  then said to be measured in binary
                                  digits or, for short, </span> <i><span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">bits. </span></i> <span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">When natural logarithms are
                                  used, the information unit is a </span>
                                <i><span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">nit. </span></i>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <div> <i><span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt"><br clear="none">
                                </span></i> </div>
                            <div> <i><span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt">best, loet</span></i>
                            </div>
                            <div> <i><span style="font-family:New;font-size:10pt"><br clear="none">
                                </span></i> </div>
                            <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498x_signature_old">
                              <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498x_xd0f008326390429">
                                <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498x_x37dfff32a36b4410ad8e891fea6bb1b8">
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <b><font style="font-size:9pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman">_______________</font></b>
                                  </div>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <b><font style="font-size:9pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman">Loet
                                        Leydesdorff</font></b> </div>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <b><font style="font-size:9pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman"><br clear="none">
                                      </font></b> </div>
                                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498x_x37dfff32a36b4410ad8e891fea6bb1b8">
                                    <div style="line-height:normal"> <b><font style="font-size:9pt" size="1" face="Times New
                                          Roman"><a rel="nofollow
                                            noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-59951-5__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UCpI3A8EWvaVDmOuc9hvIQ63G4mDCTSSAo-msd5Fp1s28PF75NWu969e_W5KiezGFeMPMGFtXsQLLuhNS00$" target="_blank">"The
                                            Evolutionary Dynamics of
                                            Discusive Knowledge"</a>(Open
                                          Access)</font></b> </div>
                                  </div>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <font style="font-size:8pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman">Professor
                                      emeritus, University of Amsterdam </font>
                                  </div>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <font style="font-size:8pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman">Amsterdam
                                      School of Communication Research
                                      (ASCoR)</font> </div>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <font style="font-size:8pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="nofollow noopener
                                        noreferrer" shape="rect" style="text-decoration:underline;color:blue" title="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net">loet@leydesdorff.net
                                      </a>; <a rel="nofollow noopener
                                        noreferrer" shape="rect" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.leydesdorff.net/__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UCpI3A8EWvaVDmOuc9hvIQ63G4mDCTSSAo-msd5Fp1s28PF75NWu969e_W5KiezGFeMPMGFtXsQLGpM1vg4$" title="http://www.leydesdorff.net/" target="_blank">
                                        http://www.leydesdorff.net/</a></font>
                                  </div>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UCpI3A8EWvaVDmOuc9hvIQ63G4mDCTSSAo-msd5Fp1s28PF75NWu969e_W5KiezGFeMPMGFtXsQLaBGhTzQ$" target="_blank"><font style="font-size:8pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman">http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en</font></a>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                                <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yiv5273111498x_x37dfff32a36b4410ad8e891fea6bb1b8">
                                  <span></span>
                                  <div style="line-height:normal"> <font style="font-size:8pt"><font style="font-size:8pt" size="1" face="Times New Roman">ORCID:
                                        <a rel="nofollow noopener
                                          noreferrer" shape="rect" href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-3098__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!UCpI3A8EWvaVDmOuc9hvIQ63G4mDCTSSAo-msd5Fp1s28PF75NWu969e_W5KiezGFeMPMGFtXsQLH5t9V6o$" target="_blank">
                                          http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-3098</a>; 
                                          </font><span style="font-size:10pt"></span></font> </div>
                                  <span></span> </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <div> <br clear="none">
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984">
                      _______________________________________________ <br clear="none">
                      Fis mailing list <br clear="none">
                      <a shape="rect" style="text-decoration:underline;color:blue">Fis@listas.unizar.es</a>
                      <br clear="none">
                      <a shape="rect" href="http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis" target="_blank">http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis</a>
                      <br clear="none">
                      ---------- <br clear="none">
                      INFORMACIÓN SOBRE PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS DE CARÁCTER
                      PERSONAL <br clear="none">
                      <br clear="none">
                      Ud. recibe este correo por pertenecer a una lista
                      de correo gestionada por la Universidad de
                      Zaragoza. <br clear="none">
                      Puede encontrar toda la información sobre como
                      tratamos sus datos en el siguiente enlace: <a shape="rect" href="https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas" target="_blank">
https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas</a>
                      <br clear="none">
                      Recuerde que si está suscrito a una lista
                      voluntaria Ud. puede darse de baja desde la propia
                      aplicación en el momento en que lo desee. <br clear="none">
                      <a shape="rect" href="http://listas.unizar.es/" target="_blank">http://listas.unizar.es</a>
                      <br clear="none">
                      ---------- <br clear="none">
                    </div>
                  </font>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica"><br>
                    </font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica"><br>
                    </font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">__________________________</font>
                  </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Howard Bloom</font>
                  </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Howardbloom.net</font>
                  </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.howardbloom.institute__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!Tpag3KoyVBTYFmRC_S68cEwcSi0ATPLOm2w3nZyWcoVHrX7gRvMJvrxjco3GXYAurl7cvBFKQpIiH-Gj5ho$" target="_blank">www.howardbloom.institute</a></font>
                  </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">trailer for
                      BRIC-TV's 66-minute film, The Grand Unified Theory
                      of Howard Bloom,  <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://youtu.be/rGkOkChazUQ__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!Tpag3KoyVBTYFmRC_S68cEwcSi0ATPLOm2w3nZyWcoVHrX7gRvMJvrxjco3GXYAurl7cvBFKQpIi5mKNcrg$" target="_blank">https://youtu.be/rGkOkChazUQ </a></font>
                  </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Best Picture,
                      Science Design Film Festival. Best Documentary
                      Feature, Not Film Festival, Italy. Now available 
                      on Apple TV, Amazon, Google Play, Microsoft,
                      Vimeo, Vudu, and Fandango.</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica"><br>
                    </font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Author of: The
                      Lucifer Principle: A Scientific Expedition Into
                      the Forces of History ("mesmerizing"-The
                      Washington Post), </font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Global Brain: The
                      Evolution of Mass Mind From The Big Bang to the
                      21st Century ("reassuring and sobering"-The New
                      Yorker),</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">The Genius of the
                      Beast: A Radical Re-Vision of Capitalism ("A
                      tremendously enjoyable book." James Fallows,
                      National Correspondent, The Atlantic),  </font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">The God Problem:
                      How A Godless Cosmos Creates ("Bloom's argument
                      will rock your world." Barbara Ehrenreich),</font>
                  </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">How I
                      Accidentally Started the Sixties (“Wow! Whew!
                      Wild! Wonderful!” Timothy Leary),</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">The Mohammed Code
                      (“A terrifying book…the best book I’ve read on
                      Islam.” David Swindle, PJ Media), and</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Einstein, Michael
                      Jackson & Me: a Search  for Soul in the Power
                      Pits of Rock & Roll ("Amazing. The writing is
                      revelatory." Freddy DeMann, manager of Michael
                      Jackson and Madonna), Best Book of 2020, New York
                      Weekly Times.</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">A Quartz Magazine
                      Pro</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Former Visiting
                      Scholar, Graduate Psychology Department, New York
                      University, Former Core Faculty Member, The
                      Graduate Institute; Current Kepler Space
                      University Senior Scholar.</font> </div>
                  <div id="m_5096662293952895996x_yqt56984"> <font size="2" face="arial, helvetica">Founder:
                      International Paleopsychology Project. Founder,
                      Space Development Steering Committee.  Member Of
                      Board Of Governors, National Space Society.
                      Founding Board Member: Epic of Evolution Society.
                      Founding Board Member, The Darwin Project.</font>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <br>
        </blockquote>
        <br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset></fieldset>
      <pre>_______________________________________________
Fis mailing list
<a href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">Fis@listas.unizar.es</a>
<a href="http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis" target="_blank">http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis</a>
----------
INFORMACIÓN SOBRE PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS DE CARÁCTER PERSONAL

Ud. recibe este correo por pertenecer a una lista de correo gestionada por la Universidad de Zaragoza.
Puede encontrar toda la información sobre como tratamos sus datos en el siguiente enlace: <a href="https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas" target="_blank">https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas</a>
Recuerde que si está suscrito a una lista voluntaria Ud. puede darse de baja desde la propia aplicación en el momento en que lo desee.
<a href="http://listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">http://listas.unizar.es</a>
----------
</pre>
    </blockquote>
  </div>

_______________________________________________<br>
Fis mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank">Fis@listas.unizar.es</a><br>
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----------<br>
INFORMACIÓN SOBRE PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS DE CARÁCTER PERSONAL<br>
<br>
Ud. recibe este correo por pertenecer a una lista de correo gestionada por la Universidad de Zaragoza.<br>
Puede encontrar toda la información sobre como tratamos sus datos en el siguiente enlace: <a href="https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://sicuz.unizar.es/informacion-sobre-proteccion-de-datos-de-caracter-personal-en-listas</a><br>
Recuerde que si está suscrito a una lista voluntaria Ud. puede darse de baja desde la propia aplicación en el momento en que lo desee.<br>
<a href="http://listas.unizar.es" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://listas.unizar.es</a><br>
----------<br>
</blockquote></div>