<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Stan – I am not really sure how to respond to your note. In your short </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">paragraph you offer a catalogue of issues that lie far outside my view </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">of information science, and I believe, the view of most other careful </p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">readers in information science.</p>
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<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)"> – ‘Entropy applies everywhere, and always in the same way’</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">> This argues that signal entropy and thermodynamic entropy are </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">identical. I know of no other FIS member that agrees with this view. </p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Shannon and Weaver (1949) themselves referred to signal entropy</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">as ‘disappointing and bizarre’, bizarre expressly because it differs so </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">clearly from classic notions of thermodynamic entropy. </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0);min-height:17px"><br></p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">– ‘ . . . NOT problems for physicists’</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">> Again, careful readers in physics know well of many force-Energy</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">related issues. Dark energy and dark matter are wholly unexplained,</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">gravity is poorly understood, no Unified Field Theory exists to detail </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">force-Energy transitions or quantum-cosmic roles, matter/anti-matter </p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">asymmetry is yet another open issue, etc., etc. etc. And then we</p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">have thermodynamic energy as ONLY one of 16 accepted forms of </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">energy where the interrelations between those 16 is unclear. I have </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">seen three of four times where Richard Feynman during the course </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">of a lecture comments on how interesting the issue of force-energy </p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">relations is . . . and then promptly walk off in an entirely different </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">direction – leaving that one question hanging. I chuckle every time I </p>
<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">see it. </p>
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<p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">In short, you seem to make my argument for me that ‘entropy’ is </p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">a concept often misused and abused, not even differentiating </p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">between <span style="font-size:14px">signal and thermodynamics. Shannon in The Bandwagon </span></p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span style="font-size:14px">(1956) cautioned against reckless and excess of the concept </span></p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span style="font-size:14px">‘entropy’ – and </span><span style="font-size:14px">here we are over 60 years later still dealing with this </span></p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span style="font-size:14px">issue. Odd.</span></p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br></p><p style="margin:0px;font-stretch:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;font-family:Helvetica;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Marcus</p></div></div></div>