<div dir="auto"><div>This is a literary level exposition of a view, of the category of Confessiones. The confidence of a philosopher, like that of a poet, that his words can be understood, even though they are of a subjective, individual perspective, is well rewarded if indeed the worldview can be understood. <div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Two aspects on which i'd like to comment :</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">1. If this general allmighty versatile ubiquitous something is such a wonder thing - what distinguishes then this construct from concepts of theology? Bruno has been advancing the idea that insofar the problems we discuss here are of a deep nature, our forefathers will have discussed them already, in their own respective generations, using the available concepts of their respective times, and these were of theological lexica. Therefore, so I understand Bruno to say, we shall not be alienated by the reappearance of ideas theological. And here we experience a globality of potentials ascribed to an idea, by the beutiful sonett above by Joseph, which does come near to ancient beliefs. Welcome the approach, because we try to catch a metamorphosing beast, which we call information. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">2. No day shall pass without mentioning the cycles. Could we interpret the "patterns of energy flow" as some kinds of filaments, paths, levels, densities, probabilities, predictabilities? If we un-anchor our concepts of "how much determines where", then we have a continuous rearrangement, with many patterns in it.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The numbers show an unequivocal, solid, rational support for what Joseph described above as main characteristics of the idea of information. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Karl </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr"><a href="mailto:joe.brenner@bluewin.ch">joe.brenner@bluewin.ch</a> <<a href="mailto:joe.brenner@bluewin.ch">joe.brenner@bluewin.ch</a>> schrieb am Do., 26. Apr. 2018 16:33:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Information refers to changes in patterns of energy flow, some slow (frozen), some fast, some quantitative and measurable, some qualitative and non-measurable, some meaningful and some meaningless, partly causally effective and partly inert, partly present and partly absent, all at the same time.<br>
<br>
Best wishes,<br>
<br>
Joseph<br>
<br>
>----Message d'origine----<br>
>De : <a href="mailto:ulan@umces.edu" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">ulan@umces.edu</a><br>
>Date : 25/04/2018 - 08:14 (PDT)<br>
>À : <a href="mailto:mburgin@math.ucla.edu" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">mburgin@math.ucla.edu</a><br>
>Cc : <a href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">fis@listas.unizar.es</a><br>
>Objet : Re: [Fis] Is information physical?<br>
><br>
>Dear Mark,<br>
><br>
>I share your inclination, albeit from a different perspective.<br>
><br>
>Consider the two statements:<br>
><br>
>1. Information is impossible without a physical carrier.<br>
><br>
>2. Information is impossible without the influence of that which does not exist.<br>
><br>
>There is significant truth in both statements.<br>
><br>
>I know that Claude Shannon is not a popular personality on FIS, but I<br>
>admire how he first approached the subject. He began by quantifying,<br>
>not information in the intuitive, positivist sense, but rather the<br>
>*lack* of information, or "uncertainty", as he put it. Positivist<br>
>information thereby becomes a double negative -- any decrease in<br>
>uncertainty.<br>
><br>
>In short, the quantification of information begins by quantifying<br>
>something that does not exist, but nonetheless is related to that<br>
>which does. Terry calls this lack the "absential", I call it the<br>
>"apophatic" and it is a major player in living systems!<br>
><br>
>Karl Popper finished his last book with the exhortation that we need<br>
>to develop a "calculus of conditional probabilities". Well, that<br>
>effort was already underway in information theory. Using conditional<br>
>probabilities allows one to parse Shannon's formula for diversity into<br>
>two terms -- on being positivist information (average mutual<br>
>information) and the other apophasis (conditional entropy).<br>
><<a href="https://people.clas.ufl.edu/ulan/files/FISPAP.pdf" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">https://people.clas.ufl.edu/ulan/files/FISPAP.pdf</a>><br>
><br>
>This duality in nature is evident but often unnoticed in the study of<br>
>networks. Most look at networks and immediately see the constraints<br>
>between nodes. And so it is. But there is also indeterminacy in almost<br>
>all real networks, and this often is disregarded. The proportions<br>
>between constraint and indeterminacy can readily be calculated.<br>
><br>
>What is important in living systems (and I usually think of the more<br>
>indeterminate ecosystems, rather than organisms [but the point applies<br>
>there as well]) is that some degree of conditional entropy is<br>
>absolutely necessary for systems sustainability, as it provides the<br>
>flexibility required to construct new responses to novel challenges.<br>
><br>
>While system constraint usually abets system performance, systems that<br>
>become too efficient do so by decreasing their (mutually exclusive)<br>
>flexibility and become progressively vulnerable to collapse.<br>
><br>
>The lesson for evolutionary theory is clear. Survival is not always a<br>
>min/max (fitt*est*) issue. It is about a balance between adaptation<br>
>and adaptability. Ecosystems do not attain maximum efficiency. To do<br>
>so would doom them.<br>
><<a href="https://people.clas.ufl.edu/ulan/files/ECOCOMP2.pdf" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">https://people.clas.ufl.edu/ulan/files/ECOCOMP2.pdf</a>> The balance also<br>
>puts the lie to a major maxim of economics, which is that nothing<br>
>should hinder the efficiency of the market. That's a recipe for "boom<br>
>and bust". <<a href="https://people.clas.ufl.edu/ulan/files/Crisis.pdf" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">https://people.clas.ufl.edu/ulan/files/Crisis.pdf</a>><br>
><br>
>Mark, I do disagree with your opinion that information cannot be<br>
>measured. The wider application of information theory extends beyond<br>
>communication and covers the information inherent in structure, or<br>
>what John Collier calls "enformation". Measurement is extremely<br>
>important there. Perhaps you are disquieted by the relative nature of<br>
>information measurements. Such relativity is inevitable. Information<br>
>can only be measured with respect to some (arbitrary) reference<br>
>distribution (which is also known in the wider realm of thermodynamics<br>
>as "the third law".)<br>
><br>
>Remember how Bateson pointed to the overwhelmingly positivist nature<br>
>of physics. Classical physics is deficient in its lack of recognition<br>
>of the apophatic. Information theory cures that.<br>
><br>
>Yes, information requires a material carrier. It also is intimately<br>
>affected by and requires nonmaterial apophasis.<br>
><br>
>Best wishes,<br>
>Bob<br>
><br>
>On 4/24/18, Burgin, Mark <<a href="mailto:mburgin@math.ucla.edu" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">mburgin@math.ucla.edu</a>> wrote:<br>
>> Dear Colleagues,<br>
>><br>
>> I would like to suggest the new topic for discussion<br>
>><br>
>> Is information physical?<br>
>><br>
>> My opinion is presented below:<br>
>><br>
>> Why some people erroneously think that information is physical<br>
>><br>
>> The main reason to think that information is physical is the strong<br>
>> belief of many people, especially, scientists that there is only<br>
>> physical reality, which is studied by science. At the same time, people<br>
>> encounter something that they call information.<br>
>><br>
>> When people receive a letter, they comprehend that it is information<br>
>> because with the letter they receive information. The letter is<br>
>> physical, i.e., a physical object. As a result, people start thinking<br>
>> that information is physical. When people receive an e-mail, they<br>
>> comprehend that it is information because with the e-mail they receive<br>
>> information. The e-mail comes to the computer in the form of<br>
>> electromagnetic waves, which are physical. As a result, people start<br>
>> thinking even more that information is physical.<br>
>><br>
>> However, letters, electromagnetic waves and actually all physical<br>
>> objects are only carriers or containers of information.<br>
>><br>
>> To understand this better, let us consider a textbook. Is possible to<br>
>> say that this book is knowledge? Any reasonable person will tell that<br>
>> the textbook contains knowledge but is not knowledge itself. In the same<br>
>> way, the textbook contains information but is not information itself.<br>
>> The same is true for letters, e-mails, electromagnetic waves and other<br>
>> physical objects because all of them only contain information but are<br>
>> not information. For instance, as we know, different letters can contain<br>
>> the same information. Even if we make an identical copy of a letter or<br>
>> any other text, then the letter and its copy will be different physical<br>
>> objects (physical things) but they will contain the same information.<br>
>><br>
>> Information belongs to a different (non-physical) world of knowledge,<br>
>> data and similar essences. In spite of this, information can act on<br>
>> physical objects (physical bodies) and this action also misleads people<br>
>> who think that information is physical.<br>
>><br>
>> One more misleading property of information is that people can measure<br>
>> it. This brings an erroneous assumption that it is possible to measure<br>
>> only physical essences. Naturally, this brings people to the erroneous<br>
>> conclusion that information is physical. However, measuring information<br>
>> is essentially different than measuring physical quantities, i.e.,<br>
>> weight. There are no “scales” that measure information. Only human<br>
>> intellect can do this.<br>
>><br>
>> It is possible to find more explanations that information is not<br>
>> physical in the general theory of information.<br>
>><br>
>> Sincerely,<br>
>> Mark Burgin<br>
>><br>
>><br>
>> On 4/24/2018 10:46 AM, Pedro C. Marijuan wrote:<br>
>>> Dear FIS Colleagues,<br>
>>><br>
>>> A very interesting discussion theme has been proposed by Mark Burgin<br>
>>> --he will post at his early convenience.<br>
>>> Thanks are due to Alberto for his "dataism" piece. Quite probably we<br>
>>> will need to revisit that theme, as it is gaining increasing momentum<br>
>>> in present "information societies", in science as well as in everyday<br>
>>> life...<br>
>>> Thanks also to Sung for his interesting viewpoint and references.<br>
>>><br>
>>> Best wishes to all,<br>
>>> --Pedro<br>
>>><br>
>>><br>
>>> -------------------------------------------------<br>
>>> Pedro C. Marijuán<br>
>>> Grupo de Bioinformación / Bioinformation Group<br>
>>> <a href="mailto:pcmarijuan.iacs@aragon.es" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">pcmarijuan.iacs@aragon.es</a><br>
>>> <a href="http://sites.google.com/site/pedrocmarijuan/" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">http://sites.google.com/site/pedrocmarijuan/</a><br>
>>> -------------------------------------------------<br>
>>><br>
>>> <<a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient</a>><br>
>>><br>
>>> Libre de virus. <a href="http://www.avast.com" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">www.avast.com</a><br>
>>> <<a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient</a>><br>
>>><br>
>>><br>
>>><br>
>>> <#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2><br>
>>><br>
>>><br>
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</blockquote></div></div></div>