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Dear Krassimir and other FISers,<br>
<br>
After reading the interesting contribution of Krassimir, I would
like to share with you some of my impressions and ideas.<br>
<br>
I like very much the term INFOS suggested by Krassimir. It’s
possible to suggest that Krassimir assumed the following definition.<br>
An INFOS is a system functioning (behavior) of which is regulated by
information.<br>
This definition implies that each INFOS has an information
processor. <br>
Then it is possible to distinguish different categories and types of
INFOS. For instance:<br>
INFOS only with acceptors/receptors<br>
INFOS only with effectors<br>
INFOS with both acceptors/receptors and effectors<br>
Then it is possible to develop an interesting theory of INFOS. <br>
<br>
At the same time, the difference between reality and consciousness
needs improvement because what many people mean using the word
reality is actually only one of the variety of realities, namely,
the physical or material reality, while consciousness is a part of
the mental reality. It is possible to find more information about
different realities and their interaction in the book (Burgin,
Structural Reality, 2012). Please, don’t confuse Structural Reality
with virtual reality. <br>
<br>
One more issue from the interesting contribution of Krassimir, which
allows further development, is the structure of a model. Namely, the
relation (s, e, r) between a model s of an entity r forms not simply
a triple but a fundamental triad, which is also called a named set.<br>
<br>
Why this is important? The reason to conceive the structure (s, e,
r) as a fundamental triad or a named set is that there is an
advanced mathematical theory of named sets, the most comprehensive
exposition of which is in the book (Burgin, Theory of Named Sets,
2011), and it is possible to use this mathematical theory for
studying and using models. For instance, the structure from Figure 1
in Krassimir’s letter is a morphism of named sets. Named set theory
describes many properties of such morphism and categories built of
named sets and their morphism. The structures from Figure 2 in
Krassimir’s letter are chains of named sets, which are also studied
in named set theory.<br>
<br>
To conclude it is necessary to understand that if we want to apply
mathematics in some area it is necessary to use adequate areas of
mathematics. As Roger Bacon wrote, All science requires mathematics,
but mathematics provides different devices that are suited to
different input. In this respect, when you give good quality grains
to a mathematical mill, it outputs good quality flour, while if you
put the same grains into a mathematical petrol engine, it outputs
trash.<br>
<br>
The theory of named sets might be very useful for information
studies because named sets and their chains allow adequate
reflection of information and information processes.<br>
<br>
Sincerely,<br>
Mark<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 3/11/2018 3:34 PM, Krassimir Markov
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:D0769F07BF974D438451AFA14890D8D3@VaioMarkov"
type="cite">
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<div style="FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none;
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Dear Colleagues,</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">This letter contains more than one theme, so
it is structured as follow:</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">- next step in “mental model” explanation;</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">- about “Knowledge market”, FIS letters’
sequences and FIS Sci-coins.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4"><strong>1. The next step in “mental model”
explanation:</strong></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Let remember shortly my letter from
05.03.2018.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">To avoid misunderstandings with concepts
Subject, agent, animal, human, society, humanity,
living creatures, etc., in [1] we use the abstract
concept “INFOS” to denote every of them as well as all
of artificial creatures which has features similar to
the former ones.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Infos has possibility to reflect the reality
via receptors and to operate with received reflections
in its memory. The opposite is possible - via
effectors Infos has possibility to realize in reality
some of its (self-) reflections from its
consciousness.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">The commutative diagram on Figure 1
represents modeling relations. In the frame of
diagram:</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">- in reality: real models: s is a model of r,
</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">- in consciousness: mental models: s<sub>i</sub>
is a mental model of r<sub>i</sub>;</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">- between reality and consciousness:
perceiving data and creating mental models: <font
size="4">triple (s<sub>i</sub>, e<sub>i</sub>, r<sub>i</sub>)
is a mental model of triple (s, e, r).</font></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">It is easy to imagine the case when the Infos
realizes its reflections using its effectors, i.e.
relation between consciousness and reality: realizing
mental models and creating data. In this case the
receptors’ arrows should be replaces by opposite
effectors’ arrows. In this case triple (s, e, r) is a
realization of the mental model (s<sub>i</sub>, e<sub>i</sub>,
r<sub>i</sub>).</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-no-proof: yes"><font size="4"><img
title="clip_image002" style="BORDER-TOP: 0px;
BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: none;
BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px;
PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: 0px;
DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"
alt="clip_image002"
src="cid:part1.01090901.04000501@math.ucla.edu"
v:shapes="Picture_x0020_1" border="0" height="140"
width="502"></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Figure 1</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">After creating the mental model it may be
reflected by other levels of consciousness. In
literature several such levels are described. For
instance, in [2], six levels are separated for humans
(Figure 2). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">The
complexity of Infos determines the levels. For
instance, for societies the levels are much more,
for animals with no neo-cortex the levels a less.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm">
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-no-proof: yes">
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-no-proof: yes"></span> </p>
<img title="image" style="BORDER-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT:
0px; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: none; BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px;
PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px;
BORDER-LEFT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"
alt="image"
src="cid:part2.08040005.09000006@math.ucla.edu"
border="0" height="426" width="644">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Figure 2. [2]<span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><font size="4">This
means that the mental models are on different
consciousness levels and different types (for
instance - touch, audition, vision).<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">In [2], Jeff Hawkins had remarked: “The
transformation— from fast changing to slow changing
and from spatially specific to spatially invariant— is
well documented for vision. And although there is a
smaller body of evidence to prove it, many
neuroscientists believe you'd find the same thing
happening in all the sensory areas of your cortex, not
just in vision” [2].<span style="mso-bidi-font-style:
italic"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">As
it is shown on </span>Figure 2 mental models are in
very large range from spatially specific to spatially
invariant; from fast changing to slow changing; from
“features” and “details” to objects”.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">To be continued...</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4"><strong>2.Aabout “Knowledge market”, FIS
letters’ sequences and FIS Sci-coins.</strong></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">The block-chain idea is not new. All forums
and mailing lists have the possibility to organize
incoming messages in internally connected sequences.
The new is the Bit-coin, i.e. the price for including
a message in the sequence received after successful
solving a difficult task.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">What we have in FIS are letters’ sequences
already created for many years. What is needed to
start using them is to be strictly when we answer to
any letter not to change the “Subject” of the letter.
The list archive may help us to follow the sequences -
only what is needed to ask sorting by </font><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithea.org/pipermail/ithea-iss/2018-March/subject.html"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">[ Subject ]</font></span></a><font
size="4">. We may sort by </font><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithea.org/pipermail/ithea-iss/2018-March/thread.html"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">[ Thread ]</font></span></a><font
size="4"> </font><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithea.org/pipermail/ithea-iss/2018-March/subject.html"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">[ Subject ]</font></span></a><font
size="4"> </font><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithea.org/pipermail/ithea-iss/2018-March/author.html"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">[ Author ]</font></span></a><font
size="4"> </font><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithea.org/pipermail/ithea-iss/2018-March/date.html"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">[ Date ]</font></span></a><font
size="4">. </font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">This means that the letter corresponds to the
block, and the sequence of letters corresponds to the
chain. </font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">What about the currency? </font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">In [3] we had introduced the new concept
“Knowledge marked”. It is remembered in [4] where the
approach for measuring the scientific contributions
was proposed. It was proposed to use the “paper” as
basic measurement unit. Now I may say, the paper is
our “Sci-coin”. This Sci-coin is convertible to real
currencies - it is wide accepted the price of a paper
to be downloaded as pdf-file is about 30-35 EURO or
USD.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Finally, the paper “Data versus Information”
[5] is an example of a FIS Sci-coin mined from the
letters’ sequences. </font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">As we had seen, it is not so easy to “mine
the Sci-coin”!</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Friendly greetings</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">Krassimir</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><o:p><font
size="4"> </font></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">References</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">[1] Kr. Markov, Kr. Ivanova, I. Mitov. Basic
Structure of the General Information Theory. IJ ITA,
Vol.14, No.: 1, 2007. pp. 5-19.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><font size="4">[2]
Hawkins, Jeff (2004). On Intelligence (1st ed.).
Times Books. p. 272. </font></span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" title="International Standard
Book Number"
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">ISBN</font></span></a><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><font size="4"> </font></span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
title="Special:BookSources/0805074562"
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0805074562"><span
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none; COLOR: windowtext;
text-underline: none"><font size="4">0805074562</font></span></a><span
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><font size="4">.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">[3] K. Markov, K. Ivanova, I. Mitov, N.
Ivanova, A. Danilov, K. Boikatchev. Basic Structure of
the Knowledge Market. IJ ITA, 2002, V.9, No.4, pp.
123-134.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">[4] Kr. Markov, Kr. Ivanova, V. Velychko,
“Usefulness of Scientific Contributions”,
International Journal “Information Theories and
Applications”, Vol.20, Number 1, 2013, ISSN 1310-0513
(printed), ISSN 1313-0463 (online), pp. 4-38.</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foibg.com/ijita/vol20/ijita20-01-p01.pdf">http://www.foibg.com/ijita/vol20/ijita20-01-p01.pdf</a>
</font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4">[5] <span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
calibri">Krassimir Markov, Christophe Menant,
Stanley N Salthe, Yixin Zhong, Karl Javorszky, Alex
Hankey, Loet Leydesdorff, Guy A Hoelzer, Jose Javier
Blanco Rivero, Robert K. Logan, Sungchul Ji, Mark
Johnson, David Kirkland, Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic.
Data versus Information. International Journal
“Information Theories and Applications”, Vol. 24,
Number 4, 2017, ISSN 1310-0513 (printed), ISSN
1313-0463 (online), pp. 303 -321. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 3pt 0cm"><font
size="4"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.foibg.com/ijita/vol24/ijita24-04-p01.pdf">http://www.foibg.com/ijita/vol24/ijita24-04-p01.pdf</a>
</font></p>
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