<div dir="ltr">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE-AT">Dear
Professor Sungchul Ji,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE-AT"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thank you for your discussion of the matter of information
transmission by means of the DNA. You point out that men and mice have
differing gene sequences. Then you work on results obtained by using
microscopes and solvents. Your chain of thought is based on empirical facts.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We have explored a different approach to the same question.
The search for a consistent explanation happens in our case less on observed
facts, but uses pencil and paper.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We assume that a sequence and a multidimensional entity
interact. The main problem appears to be that the sequence is longitudinal to a
line of a temporal nature, while the organism happens concurrently, like across
the time flow dimension. The logical symbols that describe the DNA are sequenced
consecutively, while the logical symbols that describe the organism are
commutative.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The information theoretical problem is that with capacity
and differentiation. Obviously, the information content that is contained in
the sequence is copied unto the information receptors in the set that is
contemporary. This is true in both directions, as we know that the organism is
able to replicate itself by copying its logical description unto a sequence
which stores the information content of her or his genetic material. We have
two processes of copying a content from a medium of storage unto a different
medium of storage and back again. The target of the copy process must possess
at least such a capacity of storage as the source sends, otherwise something
would get lost. We observe a dyade here, of which both partners have to be
bigger than the other: this unusual requirement merits a closer study. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">To answer this question, it was necessary to count, how many
sequences can exist at all. This would give the number of all possible creatures
generated by our idealised understanding of genetics. The next step is to count
how many multi-dimensional entities can exist in the same moment, at the most.
The answer to this is taught in the books about test theory: as many ways are
there to segment a population according to test results as there are ways to
validate a test on a population.<span> </span>The
idea is to count the ways symbols can be attached to objects, and of course
there are as many ways to partition a collection from – to as there are to –
from.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">When looking at a collection of <i>n</i> objects, there are a number of ways to look a <i>sequence </i>into the objects, and there are
a number of ways to look a <i>commutative
collection </i>into the same objects. These two upper limits determine, how
many different sequences can point out how many organisms, in dependence of how
many objects are used to simulate the interactions. Sometimes one set is bigger
than the other, sometimes it is the other one that is bigger. So far, the
riddle of being copied and containing the copy is solved.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The main innovation is however that we can use the fine
filaments that connect the past with the present and the present with the
future. Cycles have been found to play an extremely important role, by non-empiric
methods. There is a property to natural numbers which has not been utilised so
far. The natural numbers order themselves in filaments during changes affecting
the set, and the web these filaments weave is the stage on which the action of
exchanging information into spatial-chemical arrangements is being performed.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The profession of number theoreticians would have died out
long ago, if there did not come up from time to time someone from that trade
with a really useful algorithm. We have developed numeric tables using which
the methods of producing differing more-dimensional commutative assemblies quasi-bijective
to changes in sequences can be easily read off. The tool you may find practical
for your further research is at your disposal, esteemed Professor.</p>
</div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">2017-11-29 20:15 GMT+01:00 Karl Javorszky <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:karl.javorszky@gmail.com" target="_blank">karl.javorszky@gmail.com</a>></span>:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE-AT">Dear
Professor Sungchul Ji,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE-AT"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thank you for your discussion of the matter of information
transmission by means of the DNA. You point out that men and mice have
differing gene sequences. Then you work on results obtained by using
microscopes and solvents. Your chain of thought is based on empirical facts.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We have explored a different approach to the same question.
The search for a consistent explanation happens in our case less on observed
facts, but uses pencil and paper.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We assume that a sequence and a multidimensional entity
interact. The main problem appears to be that the sequence is longitudinal to a
line of a temporal nature, while the organism happens concurrently, like across
the time flow dimension. The logical symbols that describe the DNA are
sequenced consecutively, while the logical symbols that describe the organism
are commutative.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The information theoretical problem is that with capacity and
differentiation. Obviously, the information content that is contained in the
sequence is copied unto the information receptors in the set that is
contemporary. This is true in both directions, as we know that the organism is
able to replicate itself by copying its logical description unto a sequence
which stores the information content of her or his genetic material. We have
two processes of copying a content from a medium of storage unto a different
medium of storage and back again. The target of the copy process must possess
at least such a capacity of storage as the source sends, otherwise something
would get lost. We observe a dyade here, of which both partners have to be bigger
than the other: this unusual requirement merits a closer study. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal">To answer this question, it was necessary to count, how many
sequences can exist at all. This would give the number of all possible creatures
generated by our idealised understanding of genetics. The next step is to count
how many multi-dimensional entities can exist in the same moment, at the most.
The answer to this is taught in the books about test theory: as many ways are
there to segment a population according to test results as there are ways to
validate a test on a population. <span> </span>The
idea is to count the ways symbols can be attached to objects, and of course
there are as many ways to partition a collection from – to as there are to –
from.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">When looking at a collection of <i>n</i> objects, there are a number of ways to look a <i>sequence </i>into the objects, and there are
a number of ways to look a <i>commutative
collection </i>into the same objects. These two upper limits determine, how
many different sequences can point out how many organisms, in dependence of how
many objects are used to simulate the interactions. Sometimes one set is bigger
than the other, sometimes it is the other one that is bigger. So far, the
riddle of being copied and containing the copy is solved.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal">The main innovation is however that we can use the fine
filaments that connect the past with the present and the present with the
future. Cycles have been found to play an extremely important role, by non-empiric
methods. There is a property to natural numbers which has not been utilised so
far. The natural numbers order themselves in filaments during changes affecting
the set, and the web these filaments weave is the stage on which the action of
exchanging information into spatial-chemical arrangements is being performed.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal">The profession of number theoreticians would have died out
long ago, if there did not come up from time to time someone from that trade
with a really useful algorithm. We have developed numeric tables using which
the methods of producing differing more-dimensional commutative assemblies quasi-bijective
to changes in sequences can be easily read off. The tool you may find practical
for your further research is at your disposal, esteemed Professor.</p>
</div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div><div class="h5">2017-11-29 14:41 GMT+01:00 Pedro C. Marijuan <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:pcmarijuan.iacs@aragon.es" target="_blank">pcmarijuan.iacs@aragon.es</a>></span>:<br></div></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div class="h5">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<p>Message from Sungchul Ji<br>
</p>
<p>It was too heavy for the list server. You can see the complete
version at:<br>
<a class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://fis.sciforum.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2014/11/Sung_informatics-of-DNA.pdf" target="_blank">http://fis.sciforum.net/wp-con<wbr>tent/uploads/sites/2/2014/11/<wbr>Sung_informatics-of-DNA.pdf</a>
<br>
</p>
------------------------------<wbr>------------------------------<wbr>------------------------------<wbr>------------------------------<wbr>---------<br>
<br>
<p>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt">Hi FISers,</span></p>
<p>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt"><br>
</span></p>
<p>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt">We may have in DNA a golden
opportunity to define what
<b>information</b> is. </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span><b style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont">(1)<span> </span></span></b><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont">We now
know that we are different from mice because our <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9332357692649302" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> sequences are
different from those of mice [1]. That is, we are different
from mice because our <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9745773745764581" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> carries
different kinds (both with respect to <i>quality</i> and <i>quantity</i>)
of </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;color:red"><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9029417395857229" name="searchHitInReadingPane">INFORMATION</span> </span><span style="font-size:12pt"><font face="Times New Roman, serif, serif, EmojiFont">from the
mouse </font><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.24784455278329887" name="searchHitInReadingPane"><font face="Times New Roman,
serif, serif, EmojiFont">DNA:</font></span></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt 38.25pt;font-size:12pt;line-height:normal;background-image:initial">
<span> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"> ”</span><span>When it
comes to protein-encoding genes, mice are 85% similar to
humans. For non-coding genes, it's only about 50%. The National
Human Genome Research <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.05181855775229649" name="searchHitInReadingPane">In</span>stitute
attributes </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span>
this similarity </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;color:rgb(33,37,41)">to a shared ancestor about 80 million years
ago.” </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;color:rgb(0,112,192)"><a class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.thisisinsider.com/comparing-genetic-similarity-between-humans-and-other-things-2016-5" target="_blank">http://www.thisisinsider.com/<wbr>comparing-genetic-similarity-b<wbr>etween-humans-and-other-things<wbr>-2016-5</a></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span>(<b>2</b>) We also know that
our properties or behaviors are at least <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.3839342838083697" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> part
determined by both <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.31334697711483184" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> sequences
(i.e., <i>genetics</i>) and the way they are turned on or off
by environment-sensitive cells constituting our body (i.e., <i>epigenetics</i>):
We are the products of both our <i>genes</i> and our <i>environment</i>. The
causal link between <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.5628060682901466" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> and our
behaviors can be briefly summarized as follows: </span><span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span> <b>1
2 3
4 5 6</b></span><b><span style="font-size:10pt"></span></b></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<b><span><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.345466376137072" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> ---->
pre-mRNA -----> mRNA -----> proteins -----> IDS
-----> Cell Functions -----> Human Behaviors<br>
^ <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr>
|<br>
| <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr>
|<br>
| <wbr> <wbr>
<wbr> <wbr> |<br>
| <wbr> <wbr>
<wbr> <wbr> |<br>
|__________________________<wbr>______________________________<wbr>_________________________|</span></b></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<b><span> <wbr> <wbr>
7</span></b></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<b><span> </span></b><span style="font-size:12pt"> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal" style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:0.0001pt;font-size:12pt;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:normal;background-image:initial">
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal" style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;margin-bottom:0.0001pt;font-size:12pt;line-height:normal;background-image:initial">
<b><span>Figure A. </span></b><span>The
flow of genetic and epigenetic <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.5463818729068581" name="searchHitInReadingPane">information</span>s
between <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9165462691205422" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> and the human
behavior. </span><span> </span><font><span>IDS stands for the </span></font><i style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12pt;text-indent:5.25pt"><span><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.557898553024418" name="searchHitInReadingPane">In</span>tracellular
Dissipative Structures </span></i><font><span>(also called the </span></font><i style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12pt;text-indent:5.25pt"><span>Dissipative
Structures of Prigogine</span></i><font><span>) such as ion
gradients across cell membranes and within the cytoplasm
without any membrane barriers. According to the Bhopalator, a
molecular model of the living cell proposed <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.703313289646631" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> 1985 <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.6293511951009223" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> a meeting </span></font><font><span>held <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.7269010169346264" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> Bhopal, <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.7085977655920279" name="searchHitInReadingPane">In</span>dia,<wbr> IDS's are
postulated to be </span></font><font><span>the immediate or the
proximal causes for all cell functions [2]. The seven steps <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.7273084814457718" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> the scheme are </span></font></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><span><b>1</b></span></font></span><span> =
transcription</span></p>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",Times,serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt;font-size:12pt"></span>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",Times,serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt;font-size:12pt"></span>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span></span><span><b>2</b> = splicing</span><span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span><b>3</b> = translation
(explained <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.42820192311734595" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> (3) <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.8978575804970825" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> more detail.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span><b>4</b> = enzyme catalysis</span><span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span><b>5</b> = cell motions</span><span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span><b>6</b> = body motions<br>
<b>7</b> = the effect of human behavior or emotion on gene
expression, e.g., see the phenomenon of the </span><i><span>c</span></i><i><span>onserved</span></i><i><span>t</span></i><i><span>ranscriptional </span></i><i><span><wbr>r</span></i><i><span>esponse to </span></i><i><span>a</span></i><i><span>dversity</span></i><span> (CTRA) [3].</span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span>I hope that the <i><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9310249926423799" name="searchHitInReadingPane">information</span> flow scheme</i> shown <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.4779995750323309" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span><b> Figure A</b> can
serve as a concrete example of <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.032537530049661756" name="searchHitInReadingPane">information</span> <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.09977668482543645" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span>action as <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.6096352932213991" name="searchHitInReadingPane">inf<wbr>ormation</span> scientists strive
to come up with a generally acceptable definition of what <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.13197023392704943" name="searchHitInReadingPane">INFORMATION</span>is. </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"> </span><br>
</p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span>(</span><b><span>3</span></b><span>)
Unlike <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9822324983309383" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> Steps 1 and 2 where
the same kinds of molecules, i.e., the nucleic acids, <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.4911989451166101" name="searchHitInReadingPane">DNA</span> and RNA, directly <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.8498390941701777" name="searchHitInReadingPane">i<wbr>n</span>teract (or contact
or touch each other) via the Watson-Crick base-paring mechanism
(see the second row <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.9436401245393222" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in </span><b>Figure
1</b> below), <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.32786604847089773" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> Step 3, there is no
such direct <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.08031574643408712" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span>teraction between mRNA
and amino acids, but rather their <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.24095422076988937" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span>teractions are
mediated by tRNA which recognizes mRNA at its <i>a</i><i>nti-codon
arm</i> and amino acids at its 3<i>'-acceptor stem</i>, about
60 angstroms away (see the blue region <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.33261147982547556" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> the
mechanism of translation shown at <a href="https://www.quora.com/Why-are-ribosomes-so-important-in-plant-cells" class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698OWAAutoLink" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698LPlnk275136" target="_blank">https://www.quora.com<wbr>/Why-are-ribosomes-so-importan<wbr>t-in-plant-cells</a>).
The universality of the wave-particle duality demonstrated <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.3995605192128391" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> [4] suggest that the
tripartite coupling among </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;color:red">codon<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0)">,</span> anticodon</span><span>, and </span><span>amino acid</span><span> <span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.7740736702663611" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span> the ribosome-mRNA-tRNA
complex may be mediated by <i>resonant vibrations</i> or <i>standing
waves</i> (also called <i>resonance</i> or <i>resonant waves</i>) generated
within the complex, just as the vibratioal patterns located at
distant regions on the Chladni (1756-1827) plate [5, 6] are
coordinated via resonance. </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"> </span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span><span style="font-size:12pt;text-align:center;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont">The
Chladni plate [5, 6] </span><span style="font-size:12pt;text-align:center;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont">is an
ideal model for illustrating the role of resonance </span><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.29975528320151756" name="searchHitInReadingPane" style="font-size:12pt;text-align:center;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont">in</span><span style="font-size:12pt;text-align:center;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont"> molecular biology. At a given resonance frequency,
the particles on remote regions of the Chaldni plate </span><span>are
coordinated without any direct </span><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.6183066988156476" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span><span>teractions
between them and yet form ordered patterns. To me this is
similar to what happens </span><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.3064435700415691" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span><span> the
ribosome system when a peptide molecule is synthesized; i.e,
different components of the ribosome-mRNA-tRNA complex execute
their motions that are so coordinated as to achieve the peptide
synthesis. The ribosome and the Chladni plate are compared at
several levels </span><span class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698highlight" id="m_5474430402770698340m_-9165454404331726980.16186196878285597" name="searchHitInReadingPane">in</span><span> </span><b>T</b><b>able 1.</b><span> <br>
</span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt">.....</span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:"Times New Roman",serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:12pt">Sungchul Ji
<a class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:sji.conformon@gmail.com" target="_blank"><sji.conformon@gmail.com></a><br>
</span></p>
<p class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698x_x_x_x_x_x_x_MsoNormal"><font color="#cc0000"><span>The
message continues at:</span></font><br>
<a class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://fis.sciforum.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2014/11/Sung_informatics-of-DNA.pdf" target="_blank">http://fis.sciforum.net/wp-con<wbr>tent/uploads/sites/2/2014/11/<wbr>Sung_informatics-of-DNA.pdf</a>
<br><span class="m_5474430402770698340HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
</font></span></p><span class="m_5474430402770698340HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
<pre class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-signature" cols="72">--
------------------------------<wbr>-------------------
Pedro C. Marijuán
Grupo de Bioinformación / Bioinformation Group
Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud
Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA)
Avda. San Juan Bosco, 13, planta 0
50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Tfno. <a href="tel:+34%20976%2071%2035%2026" value="+34976713526" target="_blank">+34 976 71 3526</a> (& 6818)
<a class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:pcmarijuan.iacs@aragon.es" target="_blank">pcmarijuan.iacs@aragon.es</a>
<a class="m_5474430402770698340m_-916545440433172698moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://sites.google.com/site/pedrocmarijuan/" target="_blank">http://sites.google.com/site/p<wbr>edrocmarijuan/</a>
------------------------------<wbr>------------------- </pre>
</font></span></div>
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