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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Dear Gordana, Dear All,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>In a few carefully chosen words, Gordana has
established a 'two faces' picture of 'agency', involving energy where it should
be and with reference to several levels (the limit cases). All this is
within the principles of physics, closure and completeness, with no arbitrary
entities thrown in. Process is the consequence of agency and <EM>vice
versa.</EM></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The two faces of agency, and the relation between
them are thus within science and have a logic, an informational logic. I
suggest there may be value in listing candidates for such a logic.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Best wishes,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Joseph</FONT></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=gordana.dodig-crnkovic@mdh.se
href="mailto:gordana.dodig-crnkovic@mdh.se">Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=deacon@berkeley.edu
href="mailto:deacon@berkeley.edu">Terrence W. DEACON</A> ; <A
title=logan@physics.utoronto.ca href="mailto:logan@physics.utoronto.ca">'Bob
Logan'</A> ; <A title=loet@leydesdorff.net
href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net">loet@leydesdorff.net</A> ; <A
title=fis@listas.unizar.es href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es">'fis'</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Friday, October 20, 2017 11:02
AM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Fis] What is ³Agent²?</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Dear Terry, Bob,
Loet</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir><BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Thank you for sharing those
important thoughts about possible choices for the definition of
agency.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir><BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>I would like to add one more
perspective that I find in Pedro’s article which makes a distinction between
matter-energy aspects and informational aspects of the same physical reality.
I believe that on the fundamental level of information physics we have a good
ND simplest example how those two entangled aspects can be formally
framed.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>As far as I can tell, Terrys
definition covers chemical and biological agency.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Do we want to include apart
from fundamental physics also full cognitive and social agency which are very
much dominated by informational aspects (symbols and language)?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Obviously there is no
information without physical implementation, but when we think about
epistemology and the ways we know the world, for us and other biological
agents <I>there is no physical interaction without informational
aspects</I>.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Can we somehow think in terms
those two faces of agency?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Without matter/energy nothing
will happen, nothing can act in the world but that which happens and anyone
registers it, has informational side to it.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>For human agency (given that
matter/energy side is functioning) information is what to a high degree drives
agency.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir><BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Do you think this would be a
fruitful path to pursue, with “agency” of elementary particles and agency of
social institutions as two limit cases?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir><BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>All the best,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><FONT face=Avenir>Gordana</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif"><BR></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif"><BR></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif"><BR></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif"><FONT
face=Avenir>______________________________________________</FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif">
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-standard">
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1>Gordana Dodig Crnkovic, Professor of
Computer Science</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1>Department of Computer Science and
Engineering</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1>Chalmers University of
Technology </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1>School of Innovation, Design and
Engineering, Mälardalen University</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1><A
href="http://www.mrtc.mdh.se/~gdc">http://www.mrtc.mdh.se/~gdc</A>/</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1>General Chair of is4si summit
2017</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1><A
href="http://is4si-2017.org/">http://is4si-2017.org</A> </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Avenir-Book size=1><BR></FONT></DIV></DIV></DIV><!--EndFragment--></DIV><!--EndFragment-->
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif"><!--EndFragment--><!--EndFragment--><!--EndFragment--><!--EndFragment--></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif">
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: -webkit-standard"><FONT face=Avenir
size=1></FONT></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif"><BR></DIV><SPAN
id=OLK_SRC_BODY_SECTION
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri, sans-serif">
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; COLOR: black; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">From: </SPAN>Fis <<A
href="mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es">fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es</A>>
on behalf of Loet Leydesdorff <<A
href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net">loet@leydesdorff.net</A>><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Organization: </SPAN>University of
Amsterdam<BR><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Reply-To: </SPAN>"<A
href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net">loet@leydesdorff.net</A>" <<A
href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net">loet@leydesdorff.net</A>><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Date: </SPAN>Friday, 20 October 2017 at
08:40<BR><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To: </SPAN>'Bob Logan' <<A
href="mailto:logan@physics.utoronto.ca">logan@physics.utoronto.ca</A>>,
'fis' <<A
href="mailto:fis@listas.unizar.es">fis@listas.unizar.es</A>><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject: </SPAN>Re: [Fis] What is “Agent”?<BR></DIV>
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<DIV lang=EN-US vlink="purple" link="blue">
<DIV class=WordSection1>
<P class=MsoNormal><A name=_MailEndCompose>Dear Bob and colleagues,
<O:P></O:P></A></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose">I agree with
the choice element. From a sociological perspective, agency is usually defined
in relation to structure. For example, in terms of structure/actor
contingencies. The structures provide the background that bind us. Remarkably,
Mark, we no longer define these communalities philosophically, but
sociologically (e.g., Merton, 1942, about the institutional norms of science).
An interesting extension is that we nowadays not only perceive communality is
our biological origins (as species), but also in terms of communicative layers
that we construct and reproduce as inter-agency
(interactions).<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose">The relation
with the information issue is not obvious. I worked on this a bit in the first
half of the 90s: <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc>
<LI class=MsoListParagraph
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/jtsb93/index.htm"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose">"Structure"/"Action" Contingencies and
the Model of Parallel Distributed Processing, </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><I>Journal for the Theory of Social
Behaviour</I> 23 (1993) 47-77.</SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><O:P></O:P></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoListParagraph
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/jses95/jses95.pdf"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose">The Production of Probabilistic
Entropy in Structure/Action Contingency Relations, </SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><I>Journal of Social and Evolutionary
Systems</I> 18 (1995) 339-56.</SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></LI></UL>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose">Best,<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose">Loet<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #44546a"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d">
<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=3>
</SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d">Loet Leydesdorff </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d">Professor emeritus, University of
Amsterdam<BR>Amsterdam School of Communication Research
(ASCoR)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
title=mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">loet@leydesdorff.net </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d">; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
title=http://www.leydesdorff.net/ href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">http://www.leydesdorff.net/</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d"><BR></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">Associate Faculty, </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://www.sussex.ac.uk/spru/"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">SPRU,
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">University of Sussex;
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">Guest Professor </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://www.zju.edu.cn/english/"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">Zhejiang
Univ.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">, Hangzhou; Visiting Professor,
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://www.istic.ac.cn/Eng/brief_en.html"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">ISTIC,
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">Beijing;<O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">Visiting Fellow, </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://www.bbk.ac.uk/"><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">Birkbeck</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black">, University of London;
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN><A
href="http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en"><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #44546a"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #44546a"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: _MailEndCompose"></SPAN>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #e1e1e1 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B>From:</B> Fis [<A
href="mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es">mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es</A>]
<B>On Behalf Of </B>Bob Logan<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, October 20, 2017 6:11
AM<BR><B>To:</B> Terrence W. DEACON <<A
href="mailto:deacon@berkeley.edu">deacon@berkeley.edu</A>><BR><B>Cc:</B>
fis <<A
href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es">Fis@listas.unizar.es</A>><BR><B>Subject:</B>
Re: [Fis] What is “Agent”?<O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in">Dear Terry and FIS friends - I
agree with all that Terry has said about agency. I do wish to however to point
out that an agent has choice and a non-agent has no choice. I would suggest
that the defining characteristic of an agent is choice and therefore an agent
must be a living organism and all living organisms are agents. Agents/living
organisms have choice or are capable of choice or agency and they are the only
things that have choice or can interpret information. Abiotic non-agents do
not have information because they have no choice. We humans can have
information about abiotic objects but those objects themselves do not have
that information as they have no mind to be informed. That includes this email
post, it is abiotic an has no agency. It has information by virtue of you
reading it because you are able to interpret the visual signs with which I
have recorded my thoughts. Marshall McLuhan would add to my comments
that “the user is the content” as well as saying that Shannon’s work was not a
theory of information but a "theory of transportation”. I think of Shannon’s
work in a similar light. I also do not regard Shannon’s work as a theory of
information but it is a theory of signals. Shannon himself said his theory was
not about meaning and I say what is information without meaning and that
therefore Shannon only had a theory of signals. <O:P></O:P></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in">Another insight of McLuhan’s
that of figure and ground is useful to understand why we have so many
different definitions of information. McLuhan maintained that one could not
understand a figure unless one understood the ground in which it operates in.
(McLuhan might have gotten this idea from his professor at Cambridge, I. A.
Richards, who said that in order to communicate one needs to feedforward [he
coined the term btw] the context of what one is communicating.) The different
definitions of information we have considered are a result of the different
contexts in which the term information is used. We should also keep in mind
that all words are metaphors and metaphor literally means to carry across,
derived from the Greek meta (literally ‘across') and phorein (literally 'to
carry'). So the word information has been carried across from one domain or
area of interest to another. It entered the English language as the noun
associated with the verb 'to inform', i.e. to form the mind. Here is an
excerpt from my book <I>What Is Information? </I>(available for free at <A
href="http://demopublishing.com">demopublishing.com</A>):<O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><B>"Origins
of the Concept of Information - </B>We begin our historic survey of the
development of the concept of information with its etymology. The English word
information according to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) first appears in
the written record in 1386 by Chaucer: 'Whanne Melibee hadde herd the grete
skiles and resons of Dame Prudence, and hire wise informacions and
techynges.' The word is derived from Latin through French by combining
the word inform meaning giving a form to the mind with the ending “ation”
denoting a noun of action. This earliest definition refers to an item of
training or molding of the mind.” This is why abiotic objects have no
information as I claimed above because they have no mind that can be
informed.<O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in">I hope that by informing you of
the origin of the word information I have shed some light on our confusion
about what is information and why we have so many definitions of it. It might
even shed some light for that matter as to what is an agent. Got the ticket?
If so that makes me a ticket agent. I hope you get the joke. all the best -
Bob<O:P></O:P></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><BR></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">______________________</SPAN></SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Robert
K. Logan</SPAN><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Prof.
Emeritus - Physics - U. of Toronto </SPAN></SPAN><O:P></O:P></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Fellow
University of St. Michael's College</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Chief
Scientist - sLab at OCAD</SPAN><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><A
href="http://utoronto.academia.edu/RobertKLogan">http://utoronto.academia.edu/RobertKLogan</A></SPAN></SPAN><O:P></O:P></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=apple-style-span><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><A
href="http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert_Logan5/publications">www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert_Logan5/publications</A></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><A
href="https://www.physics.utoronto.ca/people/homepages/logan/">https://www.physics.utoronto.ca/people/homepages/logan/</A></SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in">On Oct 19, 2017, at 7:11 PM,
Terrence W. DEACON <<A
href="mailto:deacon@berkeley.edu">deacon@berkeley.edu</A>>
wrote:<O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">AUTONOMOUS
AGENCY: The definition I propose for autonomous agency It is open to
challenge. Of course, there are many ways that we use the term 'agent' in more
general and metaphoric ways. I am, however, interested in the more fundamental
conception that these derived uses stem from. I do not claim that this
definition is original, but rather that it is what we implicitly understand by
the concept. So if this is not your understanding I am open to suggestions for
modification. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">I should add
that it has been a recent goal of my work to describe an empirically testable
simplest model system that satisfies this definition. Those of you who are
familiar with my work will recognize that this is what I call an autogenic or
teleodynamic system. In this context, however, it is only the adequacy of the
definition that I am interested in exploring. As in many of the remarks of
others on this topic it is characterized by strange-loop recursivity,
self-reference, and physicality. And it may be worth while describing how this
concept is defined by e.g. Hofstadter, von Foerster, Luhmann, Moreno,
Kauffman, Barad, and others, to be sure that we have covered the critical
features and haven't snuck in any "demons". In my definition, I have attempted
to avoid any cryptic appeal to observers or unexamined teleological
properties, because my purpose is instead to provide a constructive definition
of what these properties entail and why they are essential to a full
conception of information.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">CENTRALITY OF
NORMATIVE PROPERTIES: A critical factor when discussing agency is that it is
typically defined with respect to "satisfaction conditions" or "functions" or
"goals" or other NORMATIVE properties. Normative properties are all implicitly
teleological. They are irrelevant to chemistry and physics. The concept of an
"artificial agent" may not require intrinsic teleology (e.g. consider
thermostats or guidance systems - often described as teleonomic systems) but
the agentive properties of such artifacts are then implicitly parasitic on
imposed teleology provided by some extrinsic agency. This is of course
implicit also in the concepts of 'signal' and 'noise' which are central to
most information concepts. These are not intrinsic properties of information,
but are extrinsically imposed distinctions (e.g. noise as signal to the repair
person). So I consider the analysis of agency and its implicit normativity to
be a fundamental issue to be resolved in our analysis of information. Though
we can still bracket any consideration of agency from many analyses my simply
assuming it (e.g. assumed users, interpreters, organisms and
their functions, etc.), but this explicitly leaves a critical defining
criterion outside the analysis. In these cases, we should just be clear that
in doing so we have imported unexplained boundary conditions into the analysis
by fiat. Depending on the goal of the analysis (also a teleological factor)
this may be unimportant. But the nature and origin of agency and
normativity remain foundational questions for any full theory of
information. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">On Thu, Oct 19,
2017 at 12:47 PM, Stanley N Salthe<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN><<A
href="mailto:ssalthe@binghamton.edu"
target=_blank>ssalthe@binghamton.edu</A>><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>wrote:<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Here is an
interesting recent treatment of autonomy.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=m2661958331623774865gmail-p1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Alvaro Moreno
and Matteo Mossio: Biological Autonomy: A
Philosophical<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=m2661958331623774865gmail-p1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">and
Theoretical Enquiry (History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences
12);<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=m2661958331623774865gmail-p1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Springer,
Dordrecht, 2015, xxxiv + 221 pp., $129 hbk, ISBN
978-94-017-9836-5<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=m2661958331623774865gmail-p1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=m2661958331623774865gmail-p1 style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">STAN<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">On Thu, Oct
19, 2017 at 11:44 AM, Terrence W. DEACON<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN><<A
href="mailto:deacon@berkeley.edu"
target=_blank>deacon@berkeley.edu</A>><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>wrote:<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">AN AUTONOMOUS
AGENT IS A DYNAMICAL SYSTEM ORGANIZED TO BE CAPABLE OF INITIATING PHYSICAL
WORK TO FURTHER PRESERVE THIS SAME CAPACITY IN THE CONTEXT OF
INCESSANT EXTRINSIC AND/OR INTRINSIC TENDENCIES FOR THIS SYSTEM CAPACITY
TO DEGRADE. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">THIS ENTAILS A
CAPACITY TO ORGANIZE WORK THAT IS SPECIFICALLY CONTRAGRADE TO THE FORM OF
THIS DEGRADATIONAL INFLUENCE, AND THUS ENTAILS A CAPACITY TO BE INFORMED
BY THE EFFECTS OF THAT INFLUENCE WITH RESPECT TO THE AGENT’S CRITICAL
ORGANIZATIONAL CONSTRAINTS.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">On Wed, Oct
18, 2017 at 6:00 PM, Koichiro Matsuno<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN><<A
href="mailto:CXQ02365@nifty.com"
target=_blank>CXQ02365@nifty.com</A>><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>wrote:<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 6pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 4.8pt; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1pt solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA">On
19 Oct 2017 at 6:42 AM, Alex Hankey wrote:</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA">the
actual subject has to be non-reducible and fundamental to our
universe.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"> <SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>This view is also supported by
Conway-Kochen’s free will theorem (2006). If (a big IF, surely) we admit
that our fellows can freely exercise their free will, it must be
impossible to imagine that the atoms and molecules lack their share of
the similar capacity. For our bodies eventually consist of those atoms
and molecules.<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"> <SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>Moreover, the exercise of free
will on the part of the constituent atoms and molecules could come to
implement the centripetality of Bob Ulanowicz at long last under the
guise of chemical affinity unless the case would have to forcibly be
dismissed.</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"> <SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>This has been my second post
this week.</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"> <SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>Koichiro Matsuno</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><B><SPAN
style="mso-fareast-language: JA">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space><SPAN
style="mso-fareast-language: JA"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-fareast-language: JA">Fis [mailto:<A
href="mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es"
target=_blank>fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es</A>]<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN><B>On Behalf Of<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN></B>Alex
Hankey<BR><B>Sent:</B><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>Thursday, October 19, 2017 6:42
AM<BR><B>To:</B><SPAN class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>Arthur
Wist <<A href="mailto:arthur.wist@gmail.com"
target=_blank>arthur.wist@gmail.com</A>>; FIS Webinar <<A
href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es"
target=_blank>Fis@listas.unizar.es</A>><BR><B>Subject:</B><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN>Re: [Fis] What is
“Agent”?</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA">David
Chalmers's analysis made it clear that if agents exist, then they are as
fundamental to the universe as electrons or gravitational
mass. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA">Certain
kinds of physiological structure support 'agents' - those emphasized by
complexity biology. But the actual subject has to be non-reducible and
fundamental to our universe. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA">Alex <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif; mso-fareast-language: JA"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: 0in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">_______________________________________________<BR>Fis
mailing list<BR><A href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es"
target=_blank>Fis@listas.unizar.es</A><BR><A
href="http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis"
target=_blank>http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis</A><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #888888; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><BR><BR
clear=all></SPAN><SPAN class=m2661958331623774865hoenzb><SPAN
style="COLOR: #888888"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
class=m2661958331623774865hoenzb><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #888888; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">--</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
class=apple-converted-space><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #888888; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
class=m2661958331623774865hoenzb><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #888888; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Professor
Terrence W. Deacon<BR>University of California,
Berkeley</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: 0in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>Fis
mailing list<BR><A href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es"
target=_blank>Fis@listas.unizar.es</A><BR><A
href="http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis"
target=_blank>http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis</A><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><BR><BR
clear=all><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">--<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Professor
Terrence W. Deacon<BR>University of California,
Berkeley<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">_______________________________________________<BR>Fis
mailing list<BR></SPAN><A href="mailto:Fis@listas.unizar.es"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">Fis@listas.unizar.es</SPAN></A><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif"><BR></SPAN><A
href="http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica',sans-serif">http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis</SPAN></A><O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></SPAN>
<P>
<HR>
<P></P>_______________________________________________<BR>Fis mailing
list<BR>Fis@listas.unizar.es<BR>http://listas.unizar.es/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/fis<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>