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<p>Hi FISers,</p>
<p><br>
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<p>If the "information periodic table" approach to Information Science is right, which was described on this list a few days ago, the following predictions may be made:</p>
<p><br>
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<p>(<b>1</b>) Just as there are a finite number of elements in the chemical periodic table that account for all the meteral objects in the Universe, so there may be a finite number(~ 10^2 ?) of token informations in the information periodic table that serve
as the ontological basis for all the informations in the mental Universe. </p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>(<b>2</b>) Again, just as quantum physicists recognize two kinds of attributes of quantum objects (also called quons or wavicles), i.e., 'static' attributes and 'dynamic' attributes, the former being constant in time and observer-independent, while the
latter being time- and observer-dependent [1], so perhaps information scientists may find it necessary to recognize two aspects of information -- (i) 'static' information, and (ii) 'dynamic' information, the former being absolute and observer-independent
(also called 'objective information' ?), while the latter is relative and observer-dependent (also called 'subjective information' ?). </p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>(3) The famous 'complementarity' principle of Bohr, the Heisenberg principle, and the quantum wave functions do not apply to the static attributes of quons but only to their dynamic attributes [1].</p>
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<p>(4) There are many dual aspects of information frequently discussed in the field of information science, e.g., "it from bit", "static vs. dynamic", "objective vs. subjective:, "medium vs. message", and "signifier vs. signified" (see Table 1). According
to the triadic metaphysics of Peirce [2] (as I understand it), all these dualities are just the prescinded (i.e., to detach for the convenience of thought) aspect of the ultimate reality which is irreudicibly triadic [3].</p>
<p><br>
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<p>(5) As you may recall, the <i>periodic table of information </i>was based on the three nodes, A, B and C, of the ITR (Irreducible Triadic Relation) network. It is interesting to note that the three categories appearing in the first row of Table 1 below
are related to these nodes and in fact can be viewed as their tokens:</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p> <i> f g</i></p>
<p> <b> Firstness -----------> Secondness -----------> Thirdness</b></p>
<p> | ^<br>
| |<br>
| |<br>
|___________________________________|</p>
<p> <i> h</i></p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Figure 1. The isomorphism between the Peircean categoris and the ITR (Irreducible Triadic Relation) network. </span><br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p> <i> f </i>= manifestation/reification; <i>g </i>= habit formation;
<i>h</i> = correspondence/information flow</p>
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</p>
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</p>
<p>(6) In conclusion, it may turn out that all these discussions on the concept of information that we are having on this list and elsewhere may turn out to be mere tips of enormous iceberg we call "information". </p>
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</p>
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</p>
<p>All the best.</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>Sung</p>
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<p><span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif, EmojiFont, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", NotoColorEmoji, "Segoe UI Symbol", "Android Emoji", EmojiSymbols; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p>
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Table 1. The postulate that Peirce’s metaphysics [2] is a theory of everything. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
Red = Type</span>; <span style="color: rgb(75, 165, 36);"> Green = Tokens</span></p>
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<b><span style="color:red">Peirce’s metaphysics <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<b><span style="color:red">Firstness<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<b><span style="color:red">Secondness<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<b><span style="color:red">Thirdness<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">1. Quantum mechanics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Static information<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Measurement/Data<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Dynamic information<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">(Quantum mechanical information ?)</span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">2. Wheeler’s theory <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Ultimate Reality (?)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">It<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Bit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">3. Cognitive science<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Objective information (?)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Sign (?)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Subjective information (?)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">4. McLuhan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Ontology<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Medium/Sign<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Message<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">5. Saussure’ semiology<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Signified<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Signfier<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050"> ?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">6. Peirce’s semiotics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Object<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Sign<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Interpretant<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">7. Periodic table theory of information<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Time-invariant information<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050"> </span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Data/Sign (?)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="color:#00B050">Time-dependent information<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><br>
</p>
<p>References:</p>
<p> <span style="font-size: 12pt;"> [1</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">] Herbert, N. (1987).
<i>Quantum Reality: Beyond the New Physics and Excursion into Metaphysics . .</i> . . Anchor Books, New York. pp. 46, 99-100, 102, </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">168, 193.<br>
</span> [2] <span style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif, EmojiFont, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", NotoColorEmoji, "Segoe UI Symbol", "Android Emoji", EmojiSymbols; font-size: 16px;">Categories (Peirce). </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_(Peirce)" class="OWAAutoLink" id="LPlnk176945" previewremoved="true" style="font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif, EmojiFont, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", NotoColorEmoji, "Segoe UI Symbol", "Android Emoji", EmojiSymbols; font-size: 16px;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_(Peirce)</a><br>
[3] Ji, S. (2017). The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter. World Scientific, New Jersey. Section 10.20.</p>
<br>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000" style="font-size:11pt"><b>From:</b> Fis <fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es> on behalf of Bob Logan <logan@physics.utoronto.ca><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, October 5, 2017 12:39 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Arturo Tozzi<br>
<b>Cc:</b> fis<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Fis] Heretic</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
<div dir="auto" class="" style="word-wrap:break-word">Dear Arturo - I enjoyed your expression of your opinion because of its directness and honesty even though I do not quite agree with everything you said. I enjoyed it because it provoked the following thoughts.
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Yes you are right there seems to be a variety of opinions as to just what information is. All of them are correct and all of them are wrong including mine which I will share with you in a moment. They are right in that they describe some aspect
of the notion of information and they are all wrong because they are attempting to be precise and that is not possible. All words including the word ‘information’ are metaphors and a metaphor cannot be right or wrong - it can only be illuminating if inspired
or irrelevant if too narrow. I am afraid caro Arturo that there cannot be a scientific definition of ‘information’ because definitions cannot be falsified and as Karl Popper once suggested for a proposition to be scientific it has to be falsifiable. Of course
this is Popper’s definition of science so some may disagree. So I am with you so far. But where I have to disagree is when you call the activity of trying to define information a useless activity. I think it is useful if only for us to see the various dimensions
of this notion.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Now as promised my thoughts re: what is information? In fact I have written a whole book on the subject which I invite all FISers to read free of charge as it is available in an open access format at
<a href="https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdemopublishing.com&data=02%7C01%7Csji%40pharmacy.rutgers.edu%7C312db098cb9049901fc008d50c0fca30%7Cb92d2b234d35447093ff69aca6632ffe%7C1%7C0%7C636428184335209242&sdata=JE1zT8aq%2F7bgCY4PJIVYE2VJyUHBRC2e9cW7MqHcpF4%3D&reserved=0" class="">
demopublishing.com</a></div>
<div class="">The availability of the book for free is part of an experiment in which I wanted to explore if a book could be a two-way form of communication between an author and his or her readers. So FISers please help yourself to my book and if you do please
honour me with a comment or two as the Web site you access the book at also has provisions for you feedback. PS - The book is also available in hard copy from Amazon.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">So now for my definition of information as can be found in the book.</div>
<div class="">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span class="" style="top:2.0pt">• Data are the pure and simple facts without any particular structure or organization, the basic atoms of information, </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%">• Information is structured data, which adds meaning to the data and gives it context and significance,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span class="" style="top:2.0pt">• Knowledge is the ability to use information strategically to achieve one's objectives, and</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span class="" style="top:2.0pt"> </span><span class="" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'; font-size:12pt">• Wisdom is the capacity to choose objectives consistent with one's values and within a larger social
context </span></p>
</div>
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</div>
<div class="">In the book I also quote T. S. Eliot whose lines of poetry provide another perspective on wisdom, knowledge and information</div>
<div class=""><span class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2"><br class="">
</span></div>
<div class=""><span class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2">Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge?</span></div>
<div class=""><span class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2; line-height:150%">Where is the knowledge we have lost in information? </span><span class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2">–</span><span class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2; line-height:150%"> TS Eliot</span></div>
<div class="">
<div class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2"><br class="">
</div>
<div class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2">My definition of information as well as that of TS Eliot does not encompass the notion of physicists who talk about information in terms of Wheeler’s "it from bit” idea. </div>
<div class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2">For me inanimate objects have no information because they have no choice. They slavishly follow the laws of physics. Only biological, living organisms have information because they have choice and information is that
which allows them to make their choices. And information is that which they perceive through their senses from the simplest bacteria to us humans that ee cummings described as "fine specimen(s) of hypermagical ultraomnipotence” So this is my second notion
of what is ‘information’.</div>
<div class="" style="orphans:2; widows:2">
<pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">Even a book is not a form of information. It is the record of information created by its author and it is a medium that allows its readers to recreate that original information of its author. From a McLuhan perspective we could </font></pre>
<pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">also ask is information the medium or the message. McLuhan would say they are the same since he said 'the medium is the message'. And he would also agree that it is the reader that recreates information when the book </font></pre>
<pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">is read since he also said “the user is the content”. </font></pre>
<pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">Since composing this response a post from Lars-Göran Johansson appeared with which I am in agreement</font></pre>
<pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">Best wishes to all - Bob Logan</font></pre>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
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Robert K. Logan</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse:separate; line-height:normal; orphans:2; text-indent:0px; widows:2; border-spacing:0px">
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Emeritus - Physics - U. of Toronto </span>
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<div class="">On Oct 4, 2017, at 1:49 PM, <a href="mailto:tozziarturo@libero.it" class="">
tozziarturo@libero.it</a> wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class=""><span class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; word-spacing:0px; float:none; display:inline!important">--------
Messaggio inoltrato -------- Da:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="mailto:tozziarturo@libero.it" class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; orphans:auto; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; widows:auto; word-spacing:0px">tozziarturo@libero.it</a><span class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; word-spacing:0px; float:none; display:inline!important"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A:
Alex Hankey<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="mailto:alexhankey@gmail.com" class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; orphans:auto; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; widows:auto; word-spacing:0px">alexhankey@gmail.com</a><span class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; word-spacing:0px; float:none; display:inline!important"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Data:
mercoledì, 04 ottobre 2017, 07:37PM +02:00 Oggetto: Re[2]: [Fis] Heretic</span><br class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; word-spacing:0px">
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<blockquote id="mail-app-auto-quote" class="" style="font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; letter-spacing:normal; text-align:start; text-indent:0px; text-transform:none; white-space:normal; word-spacing:0px; border-left-width:1px; border-left-style:solid; border-left-color:rgb(133,175,49); margin:0px 0px 0px 10px; padding:0px 0px 0px 10px">
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<p dir="ltr" class="" style="margin-top:0px">Dear Prof. Hankey,<br class="">
I come from a free country, where everybody can say his own opinion, in particular if his opinion is not totally stupid. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">
The times of Giordano Bruno and Inquisition are gone. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">
<br class="">
</p>
<div class="">
<p dir="ltr" class="">--<br class="">
Inviato da Libero Mail per Android</p>
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mercoledì, 04 ottobre 2017, 06:20PM +02:00 da Alex Hankey<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:alexhankey@gmail.com" target="_blank" class="">alexhankey@gmail.com</a>:<br class="">
<br class="">
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<div dir="ltr" class="">Dear Professor Tozzi,
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Might I suggest that you graciously retire from the list, </div>
<div class="">as you evidently do not wish to participate in what </div>
<div class="">the rest of us find fascinating topics of discussion. </div>
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</div>
<div class="">As a physicist, I have no difficulty in relating to the concept of 'information',</div>
<div class="">and I am aware of no less than five conceptually totally different </div>
<div class="">mathematical structures, all of which merit the name, 'information'.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
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<div class="">With all good wishes, </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Alex Hankey </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
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<div class=""><br class="">
<div class="">On 4 October 2017 at 02:30,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span dir="ltr" class=""><<a href="mailto:tozziarturo@libero.it" target="_blank" class="">tozziarturo@libero.it</a>></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>wrote:<br class="">
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<p dir="ltr" class="" style="margin-top:0px">Dear FISers,<br class="">
After the provided long list of completely different definitions of the term "information", one conclusion is clear: there is not a scientific, unique definition of information.<br class="">
</p>
<p dir="ltr" class="">Nobody of us is able to provide an operative framework and a single (just one!) empirical testable prevision able to assess "information". <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">
For example, what does "semantics" and "meaning" mean, in empirical terms?<br class="">
Therefore, to talk about information is meaningless, in the carnapian sense. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
<p dir="ltr" class="">Judging from your answers, the most of you are foremost scientists. Therefore, my proposal is to forget about information, and to use your otherwise very valuable skills and efforts in other fields.<br class="">
It is a waste of your precious time to focus yourself in something that is so vague. It is, retrospectively, a mistake to state that the world is information, if nobody knows what does it mean. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="">
</p>
<div class="">
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<div class=""><span class="" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:13px; border-collapse:collapse">Alex Hankey M.A. (Cantab.) PhD</span><span class="" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif; font-size:13px; border-collapse:collapse"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>(M.I.T.)<br class="">
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