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<div class="moz-signature">Bien reçu votre message.
MERCI.
Cordialement.
M. Godron</div>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Le 17/07/2016 à 20:21, Loet Leydesdorff
a écrit :<br>
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cite="mid:CAOP47pyRhE3UNXjJXzA-k2PtTuGt+iNCgOh4QTOp=5DtuAnP7Q@mail.gmail.com"
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">Dear Michel
and colleagues, <br>
<br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">I agree that
adaptation is not specifically human and that "humanity's main
adaptive role" is not to be defined as "information". </div>
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<font color="#cc0000">I agree also.</font><br>
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cite="mid:CAOP47pyRhE3UNXjJXzA-k2PtTuGt+iNCgOh4QTOp=5DtuAnP7Q@mail.gmail.com"
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small">The best
candidate for a spefically human is probably, in my opinion,
"double contingency": Ego expects Alter to entertain
expectations as s/he does herself. These expectations can be
exchanged (for example, in language), and also be codified at
the interpersonal level (for example, in legislation or in
scholarly discourse). <br>
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<font color="#cc0000">Important. I wonder if two birds singing
before copulation have an expectation with double contingency ? </font>
<br>
<br>
How does this relate to information? In my opinion, the dynamics of
meaning are driving cultural evolution. <br>
<font color="#cc0000">How Evolution plays a role in this relation at
the scale of millions of years ?<br>
</font>Information is needed at the bottom providing the variation.
The codes of communication -- for example, in discourse among
biologists (Pedro!) -- operate as next-order selection mechanisms.
These selection mechanisms are not "objective" or observable, but
can be expected to operate and be hypotesized; for example, in a
sociology of communication. We have access to these discourses
infra-reflexively. <br>
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"><br>
M Godron<br>
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<div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small"><br>
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<div class="gmail_extra"><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Sat, Jul 16, 2016 at 4:42 PM, Michel
Godron <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:migodron@wanadoo.fr" target="_blank">migodron@wanadoo.fr</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> <br>
You wrote :<br>
"First, humanity’s MAIN ADAPTIVE ROLE is “information,” if
someone questions that fact <u>I invite you to post your
view </u>and I will happily “reply.<br>
<br>
My reply is (in red) :<br>
<font color="#ff0000">O K but I am not sure that the
profound reason why it is true is clear for every one :
this constatation "humanity’s MAIN ADAPTIVE ROLE is
information,” (or "information is the main way to
adapt") is true also for <u>any living being</u>,
because the basic functioning of Life is a tranmission
of information. That information is necessary for any
living being to adapt to its environment in a cybernetic
system (which was not well understood by von Bertalanffy
cf. Fritjof Capra p. 48).<br>
<br>
I could explain this with more details, if you want, </font><font
color="#ff0000"><font color="#ff0000">for each of the
six main scales (molecules in a cell, genetics with
DNA, epigenetics, vegetal and animal communities,
landscapes, humanity)</font>.<br>
<br>
M. Godron<br>
</font> </div>
<br>
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<br>
<br clear="all">
<br>
-- <br>
<div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">Loet
Leydesdorff <br>
Professor Emeritus, University of Amsterdam<br>
Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR)<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net"
target="_blank">loet@leydesdorff.net</a>; <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/"
target="_blank">http://www.leydesdorff.net/</a> <br>
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