<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear FISers fyi - Bob<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><br class=""></div><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><br class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><blockquote type="cite" class="" style="orphans: auto; widows: auto;"><div class="">Begin forwarded message:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="" style="margin: 0px;"><br class=""></div><br class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="gmail_quote"><div class="" style="word-wrap: break-word;"><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="" style="margin: 0px;"><a href="http://www.sciencealert.com/this-woman-has-illegally-uploaded-millions-of-journal-articles-in-an-attempt-to-open-up-science" target="_blank" class="">http://www.sciencealert.com/this-woman-has-illegally-uploaded-millions-of-journal-articles-in-an-attempt-to-open-up-science</a></div><div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" class=""><br class=""><div class="" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 18px; font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 23.8px;"><div class="" style="margin: 0px 174.078px;"><div class="" style="font-size: 28px; line-height: 30px; padding-top: 8px; font-weight: 600;">Researcher illegally shares millions of science papers free online to spread knowledge</div><div class="" style="font-weight: 600; margin-top: 15px;"><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 8px;">Welcome to the Pirate Bay of science.</p></div><div class="" style="margin-top: 5px; color: rgb(110, 110, 110); font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden;"><div class="" style="float: left; margin-top: 1px;"><div class="" style="line-height: 14px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-right: 16px; float: left;"><span class="" style="color: rgb(103, 103, 103);">FIONA MACDONALD</span></div><div class="" style="line-height: 14px; float: left; margin-right: 16px;"><span class="" style="color: rgb(103, 103, 103);">12 FEB 2016</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="" style="overflow: hidden; color: rgb(110, 110, 110); font-family: 'Open Sans', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 23.8px;"><div class="" style="margin-left: 174.078px; margin-right: 174.078px;"><div class="" style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 25px;"><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">A researcher in Russia has made more than 48 million journal articles - almost every single peer-reviewed paper every published - freely available online. And she's now<span class=""> </span><a href="http://bigthink.com/neurobonkers/a-pirate-bay-for-science" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">refusing to shut the site down</a>, despite a court injunction and a lawsuit from Elsevier, one of the world's biggest publishers.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">For those of you who aren't already using it, the site in question is<span class=""> </span><a href="http://sci-hub.io/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">Sci-Hub</a>, and it's sort of like a Pirate Bay of the science world. It was established in 2011 by neuroscientist Alexandra Elbakyan, who was frustrated that she couldn't afford to access the articles needed for her research, and it's since gone viral, with hundreds of thousands of papers being downloaded daily. But at the end of last year, the site was<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.nature.com/news/pirate-research-paper-sites-play-hide-and-seek-with-publishers-1.18876" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">ordered to be taken down by a New York district court</a><span class=""> </span>- a ruling that Elbakyan has decided to fight, triggering a debate over who really owns science. <br class=""></p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">"Payment of $32 is just insane when you need to skim or read tens or hundreds of these papers to do research. I obtained these papers by pirating them,"<a href="https://torrentfreak.com/science-pirate-attacks-elseviers-copyright-monopoly-in-court-150916/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">Elbakyan told Torrent Freak last year</a>.<span class="" style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span>"Everyone should have access to knowledge regardless of their income or affiliation. And that’s absolutely legal."</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">If it sounds like a modern day Robin Hood struggle, that's because it kinda is. But in this story, it's not just the poor who don't have access to scientific papers - journal subscriptions have become so expensive that leading universities such as<span class=""> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/apr/24/harvard-university-journal-publishers-prices" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">Harvard</a><span class=""> </span>and<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v426/n6964/full/426217a.html" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">Cornell</a><span class=""> </span>have admitted they can no longer afford them. Researchers have also taken a stand - with 15,000 scientists<span class=""> </span><a href="http://thecostofknowledge.com/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">vowing to boycott publisher Elsevier</a><span class=""> </span>in part for its excessive paywall fees.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Don't get us wrong, journal publishers have also done a whole lot of good - they've encouraged better research thanks to peer review, and before the Internet, they were crucial to the dissemination of knowledge.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">But in recent years, more and more people are beginning to question whether they're still helping the progress of science. In fact, in some cases, the<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.sciencealert.com/journal-accepts-paper-titled-get-me-off-your-f-cking-mailing-list" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">'publish or perish' mentality</a><span class=""> </span>is creating more problems than solutions, with a growing number of predatory publishers now charging researchers to have their work published - often without any proper peer review process<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.sciencealert.com/two-scientific-journals-have-accepted-a-study-by-maggie-simpson-and-edna-krabappel" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">or even editing</a>.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">"They feel pressured to do this," Elbakyan<span class=""> </span><a href="https://torrentfreak.com/images/sci-hub-reply.pdf" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">wrote in an open letter to the New York judge last year</a>. "If a researcher wants to be recognised, make a career - he or she needs to have publications in such journals."</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">That's where Sci-Hub comes into the picture. The site works in two stages. First of all when you search for a paper, Sci-Hub tries to immediately download it from fellow pirate database<span class=""> </span><a href="https://sites.google.com/site/themetalibrary/library-genesis" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">LibGen</a>. If that doesn't work, Sci-Hub is able to bypass journal paywalls thanks to a range of access keys that have been donated by anonymous academics (thank you, science spies).</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">This means that Sci-Hub can instantly access any paper published by the big guys, including JSTOR, Springer, Sage, and Elsevier, and deliver it to you for free within seconds. The site then automatically sends a copy of that paper to LibGen, to help share the love. </p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">It's an ingenious system, as Simon Oxenham<span class=""> </span><a href="http://bigthink.com/neurobonkers/a-pirate-bay-for-science" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">explains for Big Think</a>:</p><blockquote class="" style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 15px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; border-left-width: 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(213, 213, 213);"><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">"In one fell swoop, a network has been created that likely has a greater level of access to science than any individual university, or even government for that matter, anywhere in the world. Sci-Hub represents the sum of countless different universities' institutional access - literally a world of knowledge."</p></blockquote><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">That's all well and good for us users, but understandably, the big publishers are pissed off. Last year, a New York court<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.nature.com/news/pirate-research-paper-sites-play-hide-and-seek-with-publishers-1.18876" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">delivered an injunction against Sci-Hub</a>, making its domain unavailable (something Elbakyan dodged by<span class=""> </span><a href="http://sci-hub.io/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">switching to a new location</a>), and the site is also being sued by Elsevier for "irreparable harm" - a case that<span class=""> </span><a href="http://bigthink.com/neurobonkers/a-pirate-bay-for-science" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">experts are predicting will win Elsevier</a><span class=""> </span>around $750 to $150,000 for each pirated article. Even at the lowest estimations, that would quickly add up to millions in damages.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">But Elbakyan is not only standing her ground, she's come out swinging, claiming that it's Elsevier that have the illegal business model.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">"I think Elsevier’s business model is itself illegal,"<span class=""> </span><a href="https://torrentfreak.com/sci-hub-tears-down-academias-illegal-copyright-paywalls-150627/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">she told Torrent Freak,</a>referring to article 27 of the UN Declaration of Human Rights,<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">which states that</a>"everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits".</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">She also explains that the academic publishing situation is different to the music or film industry, where pirating is ripping off creators. "All papers on their website are written by researchers, and researchers do not receive money from what Elsevier collects. That is very different from the music or movie industry, where creators receive money from each copy sold,"<span class=""> </span><a href="https://torrentfreak.com/images/sci-hub-reply.pdf" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">she said.</a></p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"><span class="" style="line-height: 1.5em;">Elbakyan hopes that the lawsuit will set a precedent, and make it very clear to the scientific world either way who owns their ideas.</span></p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">"If Elsevier manages to shut down our projects or force them into the darknet, that will demonstrate an important idea: that the public does not have the right to knowledge,"<span class=""> </span><a href="https://torrentfreak.com/sci-hub-tears-down-academias-illegal-copyright-paywalls-150627/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">she said.</a><span class=""> </span>"We have to win over Elsevier and other publishers and show that what these commercial companies are doing is fundamentally wrong."</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">To be fair, Elbakyan is somewhat protected by the fact that<span class=""> </span><a href="http://www.nature.com/news/pirate-research-paper-sites-play-hide-and-seek-with-publishers-1.18876" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">she's in Russia</a><span class=""> </span>and doesn't have any US assets, so even if Elsevier wins their lawsuit, it's going to be pretty hard for them to get the money.</p><p class="" style="margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">Still, it's a bold move, and we're pretty interested to see how this fight turns out - because if there's one thing the world needs more of, it's scientific knowledge. In the meantime,<span class=""> </span><a href="http://sci-hub.io/" target="_blank" class="" style="color: rgb(0, 86, 137); text-decoration: none; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220);">Sci-Hub is still up and accessible</a><span class=""> </span>for anyone who wants to use it, and Elbakyan has no plans to change that anytime soon.</p></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div></div></blockquote><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><br class=""></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><div class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; ">______________________</span></div></div></div></span></span></span></span></span></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><div class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; "><br class=""></span></div>Robert K. Logan</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; ">Prof. Emeritus - Physics - U. of Toronto </span><div class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; ">Fellow University of St. Michael's College</span></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; ">Chief Scientist - sLab at OCAD</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; " class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); 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