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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><img width=1154 height=584 id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D08F1A.34CD3610"></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Dear colleagues,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>I hope that the list allows for transmitting the above figure showing the sciences empirically organized in four major domains using aggregated citation relations among journals in (221) Web-of-Science Subject Categories for the classification (based on factor analysis of the underlying matrix). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>See for more technical details at <a href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/overlaytoolkit">http://www.leydesdorff.net/overlaytoolkit</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The reference is: </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Ismael Rafols, Alan Porter & Loet Leydesdorff, <a href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/overlaytoolkit/overlaytoolkit.htm">Science overlay maps: a new tool for research policy and library management</a>, <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology </i>61(9) (2010) 1871-1887; <<a href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/overlaytoolkit/overlaytoolkit.pdf">pdf-version</a>> <<a href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/overlaytoolkit">software and manual</a>>.</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Loet<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><hr size=3 width="100%" align=center></span></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Loet Leydesdorff </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Emeritus</span></i><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> University of Amsterdam<br>Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net" title="mailto:loet@leydesdorff.net"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>loet@leydesdorff.net </span></a></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>; </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="http://www.leydesdorff.net/" title="http://www.leydesdorff.net/"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>http://www.leydesdorff.net/</span></a></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> <br></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Honorary Professor, </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="http://www.sussex.ac.uk/spru/"><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>SPRU, </span></a></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>University of Sussex; <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Guest Professor </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="http://www.zju.edu.cn/english/"><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Zhejiang Univ.</span></a></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>, Hangzhou; Visiting Professor, </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="http://www.istic.ac.cn/Eng/brief_en.html"><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>ISTIC, </span></a></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Beijing;<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Visiting Professor, </span><a name="_GoBack"></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="http://www.bbk.ac.uk/"><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Birkbeck</span></a></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>, University of London; <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><a href="http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en"><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ych9gNYAAAAJ&hl=en</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> Fis [mailto:fis-bounces@listas.unizar.es] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Pedro C. Marijuan<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, May 15, 2015 1:33 PM<br><b>To:</b> 'fis'<br><b>Subject:</b> [Fis] THE FOURTH GREAT DOMAIN OF SCIENCE: INFORMATIONAL?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:.5in;text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>A Dialog on the Informational as the 4th Great Domain of Science</span></b><br><b>Moisés André Nisenbaum & Ken Herold</b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><br><b><i>PART 1: Informational as the 4th Great Domain of Science</i></b><br>(Moisés André Nisenbaum)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'>To classify is human (BOWKER & STAR 2000). The organization of scientific knowledge is concern of scientists long ago. It started as a matter of librarianship and has evolved over time using various tools like enumerative classification, faceted classification, universal classification, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, ontologies, Semantic Web. But how Information Science should organize scientific knowledge taking into account the dynamic behavior of disciplines and multi, inter and trans-disciplinary science of the twenty-first century (Information Society)?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'>Rosenbloom (2012) proposed a model in which four great Scientific Domains - Physical (P) Life (L), social (S) and Computing (C) - can be <span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/images/rosembloom-figure-2.1-domains-composing-disciplines.jpg"><span lang=EN-US>combined to form any discipline</span></a></span>. The first three (P, L and S) are "well known" domains and he proposes that the 4th is Computing. The small number of domains (compared with 10 of DDC and UDC) is offset by <span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/images/Rosenbloom-figure-2.9-relationships.jpg"><span lang=EN-US>dynamic</span></a> <a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/images/Rosenbloom-figure-2.2-domains-simple-relations.jpg"><span lang=EN-US>relationships</span></a></span><span lang=PT-BR> </span>between domains that can be written by <span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/images/Rosenbloom-table-2.1-ME-Language.jpg"><span lang=EN-US>Metascience Expression Language</span></a></span>. Although the prerequisites of a Great Scientific Domain has been well developed, Rosenbloom does not explain why they are in number of four or why these specific four domains.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'>NAVARRO, MORAL and Marijuan (2013) propose that the 4th Great Scientific Domain is the Informational (I) instead of Computing. However, the biggest proposal is that the Information Science needs to be rethought to support theoretically and methodologically this 4th Great Scientific Domain. At the end of the article, the authors <span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/images/Map-Pedro.jpg"><span lang=EN-US>propose the insertion of the four Great Scientific Domains</span></a></span> in High-Resolution <span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/images/Map-Bollen.jpg"><span lang=EN-US>Map of Sciences (Bollen at all, 2009)</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'>The problem is that all this is still in its "philosophical field" and miss a more pragmatic approach. When I observed this map, I just thought about how to measure these four domains and, even without even knowing exactly how to do this, I asked Bollen the raw data of his research. My initial idea was to identify every scientific discipline by a mathematical entity, for example a digital 4x4 matrix representing quantitatively the four Great Scientific Domain components and their relationships. The problem how to establish the criteria (bibliometric) that would define the matrix elements. Once created, we can check if the matrices really come together as expected.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'>Best,<br>Moisés<br><br><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><i>References:</i><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><span lang=PT-BR><a href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=xHlP8WqzizYC&lpg=PR9&ots=Mz3xtCt2nE&dq=Sorting%20things%20out%3A%20Classification%20and%20its%20consequences.%20&lr&hl=pt-BR&pg=PR9#v=onepage&q=Sorting%20things%20out:%20Classification%20and%20its%20consequences.&f=false"><span lang=EN-US>BOWKER, Geoffrey C.; STAR, Susan Leigh. Sorting things out: Classification and its consequences. MIT press, 2000.</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><span lang=PT-BR><a href="https://books.google.com.br/books?id=WGfxkn8OkwAC&lpg=PP1&dq=On%20computing%3A%20the%20fourth%20great%20scientific%20domain.%20google%20books&hl=pt-BR&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=On%20computing:%20the%20fourth%20great%20scientific%20domain.%20google%20books&f=false"><span lang=EN-US>ROSENBLOOM, Paul S. On computing: the fourth great scientific domain. </span>MIT Press, 2012.</a></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://moisesandre.com.br/FIS/debate/articles/pedro-article.pdf">NAVARRO, Jorge; MORAL, Raquel del; MARIJUÁN, Pedro C.. <span lang=EN-US>The uprising of informational: towards a new way of thinking Information Science. Presented at 1st International Conference in China on the Philosophy of Information, Xi’an, China, 18 October 2013.</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.5in'><span lang=PT-BR><a href="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0004803"><span lang=EN-US>BOLLEN, Johan et al. Clickstream data yields high-resolution maps of science. PLoS One, v. 4, n. 3, p. e4803, 2009.</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><i><br>PART 2: Comments from Ken Herold</i></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>I appear to be a fringe observer of the history of information science from within my professional (since 1984) domain of librarianship and information studies. [1] For a broader example, Chaim Zins conducted a multi-year study of information science internationally from 2003-2005. [2] My own edited works [3] in 2004 and 2015 reprise various works going back to Machlup from 1962 [4].<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>I am somewhat skeptical of the suggestion that recombining knowledge is new or previously critically not examined. The international documentation movement, predecessor to information science, has been shown by Buckland and Rayward [5] among others to be exactly the rich response to the global growth of knowledge 100 years ago. Bioinformatics should and does clarify and extend our perspectives, but I hesitate to accept its equivalence with von Neumann architecture or cultural heritage. Nevertheless, all the right questions are being asked in my opinion.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Rosenbloom's interminable references to Wikipedia are off-putting, I am afraid. Also, he takes a rather narrow historical view of information science in chapter 1. Again, the trend seems correct to me as to the importance of computing. I just do not place as much value on an ad hoc relational approach with few links to the massive peer-reviewed literature available. <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>I suppose I could best serve as the devil's advocate in this round? <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Ken<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><i>References:</i><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><br>[1]<a href="https://www.asist.org/?s=history+of+information+science" target="_blank"> https://www.asist.org/?s=history+of+information+science</a><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><a href="http://www.uff.br/ppgci/editais/historyofis.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.uff.br/ppgci/editais/historyofis.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>[2]<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.20505/abstract"> http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.20505/abstract</a> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>[3]<a href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/handle/2142/1034"> https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/handle/2142/1034</a> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><a href="http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/library_trends/toc/lib.63.3.html">http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/library_trends/toc/lib.63.3.html</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>[4]<a href="https://archive.org/details/productiondistri00mach"> https://archive.org/details/productiondistri00mach</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><a href="http://philpapers.org/rec/MACTSO-9">http://philpapers.org/rec/MACTSO-9</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>[5]<a href="http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/%7Ebuckland/otlet.html"> http://people.ischool.berkeley.edu/~buckland/otlet.html</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><a href="http://people.lis.illinois.edu/%7Ewrayward/otlet/otletpage.htm">http://people.lis.illinois.edu/~wrayward/otlet/otletpage.htm</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></div><pre style='margin-left:.5in'>-------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></pre></div></body></html>